🇨🇺 Cuba
Cuba (North America) has a population of 10,937,203 (2025), ranking 86 out of 213 countries by population. GDP per capita – Cuba: $9,605 /inh. (2020), ranking 106 out of 211. Economic growth is -1.1 % (2024). The unemployment rate is 1.7 % (2025).
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Strengths and weaknesses
Strengths – Cuba, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Share of adults with the right to vote (1/173), Births attended by skilled health personnel (1/204), Physicians (1/193).
Weaknesses – Cuba, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Freedom of association index (173/173), Civil society participation index (168/173), Regulatory quality (WGI) (196/203).
Regional comparison
- GDP per capita: Cuba has $9,605 /inh., below the regional median (North America: $19,970 /inh.).
- Unemployment: Cuba has 1.7 %, below the regional median (North America: 6 %).
- GDP growth: Cuba has -1.1 %, below the regional median (North America: 3.1 %).
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All indicators
·Wealth & Growth 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net national income per capita | $7,891 /inh. | 2019 | 65 of 184 |
| GDP | $107.4B | 2020 | 73 of 211 |
| Gross national income per capita (Atlas method) | $9,010 /inh. | 2019 | 101 of 205 |
| GDP per capita | $9,605 /inh. | 2020 | 106 of 211 |
| Natural resource rents | 0.6 % | 2020 | 131 of 211 |
| GDP per capita growth | -0.7 % | 2024 | 187 of 211 |
| GDP growth | -1.1 % | 2024 | 200 of 211 |
Prices, Inflation & Currency 2
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation (GDP deflator) | 32.2 % | 2024 | 202 of 210 |
| Official exchange rate | 0.82 LCU/$ | 1974 | 205 of 211 |
Employment 8
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment | 1.7 % | 2025 | 15 of 184 |
| Youth unemployment (ages 15-24) | 4.3 % | 2025 | 23 of 184 |
| Employment in services | 67.6 % | 2025 | 69 of 184 |
| Employment in agriculture | 15.5 % | 2025 | 90 of 184 |
| Employment in industry | 16.9 % | 2025 | 118 of 184 |
| Self-employed workers | 24.9 % | 2025 | 118 of 184 |
| Employment rate (ages 15 and over) | 51.3 % | 2025 | 132 of 184 |
| Labor force participation rate (ages 15 and over) | 52.2 % | 2025 | 148 of 184 |
Foreign Trade 5
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Imports of goods and services | 82.4 % | 2024 | 22 of 192 |
| Trade openness | 124.9 % | 2024 | 42 of 192 |
| Exports of goods and services | 42.5 % | 2024 | 76 of 192 |
| High-technology exports | 7.9 % | 2022 | 82 of 185 |
| Merchandise exports | $1.6B | 2025 | 150 of 205 |
Investment, Tourism & Aid 5
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| International tourism receipts | $1.2B | 2020 | 73 of 201 |
| International tourist arrivals | 1,086,000 arr. | 2020 | 93 of 202 |
| Official development aid received | 0.5 % | 2019 | 109 of 160 |
| Foreign direct investment inflows (amount) | $79.5M | 2025 | 152 of 203 |
| Foreign direct investment inflows | 0 % | 2020 | 180 of 201 |
Public finances 3
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government final consumption | 24.8 % | 2024 | 25 of 187 |
| Military spending | 2.9 % | 2018 | 39 of 165 |
| Research and development spending | 0.4 % | 2024 | 72 of 155 |
Finance & Reserves 1
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total reserves (including gold) | $0.00 | 1974 | 180 of 180 |
Economic structure 6
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Household final consumption | 90.9 % | 2024 | 18 of 189 |
| Services | 73.4 % | 2024 | 20 of 202 |
| Gross capital formation | 24.2 % | 2024 | 81 of 185 |
| Manufacturing | 10.7 % | 2024 | 92 of 201 |
| Industry (including construction) | 23.8 % | 2024 | 102 of 205 |
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 1.2 % | 2024 | 170 of 203 |
Population & Vital Statistics 12
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boys per 100 girls at birth | 107 per 100 girls | 2024 | 22 of 213 |
| Median age of the population | 41.7 yrs | 2023 | 39 of 226 |
| Share of 15-64 year olds | 67.9 % | 2025 | 52 of 213 |
| Share of people aged 65 and over | 17 % | 2025 | 55 of 213 |
| Births registered with civil authorities | 99.8 % | 2019 | 56 of 178 |
| Urban population | 77.2 % | 2025 | 68 of 213 |
| Share of women in the population | 50.7 % | 2025 | 75 of 213 |
| Population | 10,937,203 inhab. | 2025 | 86 of 213 |
| Number of men per 100 women | 97.3 per 100 women | 2025 | 139 of 213 |
| Share of men in the population | 49.3 % | 2025 | 139 of 213 |
| Age dependency ratio | 47.2 per 100 | 2025 | 162 of 213 |
| Share of 0-14 year olds | 15 % | 2025 | 175 of 213 |
Births, deaths and life expectancy 14
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Death rate | 10.4 per 1,000 | 2024 | 31 of 213 |
| Infant mortality | 6.8 per 1,000 | 2024 | 58 of 194 |
| Road traffic deaths | 8.9 per 100,000 | 2019 | 58 of 188 |
| Healthy life expectancy | 66.2 yrs | 2023 | 61 of 183 |
| Under-5 mortality | 8.6 per 1,000 | 2024 | 62 of 194 |
| Life expectancy at birth | 78.3 yrs | 2024 | 64 of 213 |
| Male life expectancy at birth | 75.9 yrs | 2024 | 64 of 213 |
| Female life expectancy at birth | 80.7 yrs | 2024 | 73 of 213 |
| Female suicide rate | 4.9 per 100,000 | 2023 | 98 of 183 |
| Suicide rate | 14.6 per 100,000 | 2023 | 129 of 183 |
| Male suicide rate | 25.6 per 100,000 | 2023 | 132 of 183 |
| Children per woman | 1.45 children/woman | 2024 | 162 of 213 |
| Birth rate | 8.6 per 1,000 | 2024 | 174 of 213 |
| Population growth | -0.39 % | 2025 | 190 of 213 |
Health and healthcare system 12
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physicians | 9.54 per 1,000 | 2021 | 1 of 193 |
| Measles vaccination | 99 % | 2024 | 1 of 191 |
| Hospital beds | 4.3 per 1,000 | 2023 | 34 of 190 |
| Health expenditure | 9.4 % | 2023 | 36 of 191 |
| Nurses and midwives | 7.6 per 1,000 | 2020 | 38 of 196 |
| Share of health spending paid directly by patients | 16.6 % | 2023 | 56 of 191 |
| New tuberculosis cases | 11 per 100,000 | 2024 | 61 of 206 |
| Undernourishment | 3.5 % | 2024 | 72 of 167 |
| HIV prevalence | 0.6 % | 2024 | 94 of 152 |
| Access to basic sanitation | 94.8 % | 2024 | 101 of 211 |
| Open defecation | 0.2 % | 2024 | 112 of 211 |
| Access to basic drinking water | 95.1 % | 2024 | 129 of 211 |
Body and lifestyle 12
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tobacco use among men | 23.6 % | 2024 | 65 of 165 |
| Tobacco use | 16.1 % | 2024 | 69 of 165 |
| Average height of men | 172 cm | 2014 | 86 of 198 |
| Alcohol consumption per capita | 5.5 L/person | 2024 | 88 of 202 |
| Tobacco use among women | 8.7 % | 2024 | 97 of 165 |
| Obesity among adult men | 19.7 % | 2024 | 99 of 196 |
| Obesity among adult women | 26.2 % | 2024 | 101 of 196 |
| Adult obesity | 23 % | 2024 | 103 of 196 |
| Mean body mass index of women | 26 kg/m² | 2016 | 104 of 190 |
| Diabetes prevalence | 9.4 % | 2024 | 114 of 207 |
| Mean body mass index of men | 25.2 kg/m² | 2016 | 116 of 190 |
| Average height of women | 158 cm | 2014 | 122 of 198 |
Origins, languages and religions 12
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Share of the population: other religions (including folk religions) | 17.4 % | 2020 | 5 of 192 |
| Share of the population: people with no religious affiliation | 21.6 % | 2020 | 35 of 192 |
| Share of the population: Hindus | 0.2 % | 2020 | 49 of 192 |
| Ethnic diversity (fractionalization index) | 0.59 | 2003 | 64 of 205 |
| Share of the population: Jews | 0 % | 2020 | 74 of 192 |
| Share of the population: Buddhists | 0.1 % | 2020 | 80 of 192 |
| Religious diversity (fractionalization index) | 0.51 | 2003 | 93 of 204 |
| Share of the population: Christians | 60.7 % | 2020 | 107 of 192 |
| Share of the population: Muslims | 0.1 % | 2020 | 163 of 192 |
| Linguistic diversity (fractionalization index) | 0 | 2003 | 192 of 203 |
| Share of immigrants in the population | 0 % | 2024 | 211 of 212 |
| Majority religion | Christians (over 50%) | 2020 | 114 countries out of 192 in the same category |
Territory & Borders 8
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length of coastline | 3,735 km | 2026 | 32 of 227 |
| Population density | 105.8 inh./km² | 2024 | 98 of 212 |
| Latitude of the country's center | 21.6 ° | 2026 | 98 of 232 |
| Land area | 103,800 km² | 2024 | 103 of 212 |
| Total area | 109,884 km² | 2024 | 105 of 212 |
| Number of neighboring countries | 1 countries | 2026 | 137 of 223 |
| Length of land borders | 29 km | 2026 | 156 of 230 |
| Landlocked country | Has sea access | 2026 | 183 countries out of 227 in the same category |
Terrain, Water & Climate 6
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lowest point | 0 m | 2026 | 39 of 228 |
| Average annual rainfall | 1,335 mm | 2022 | 69 of 180 |
| Renewable fresh water per person | 3,447 m³/inh. | 2022 | 76 of 181 |
| Population living less than 5 m above sea level | 2.5 % | 2015 | 99 of 212 |
| Highest point | 1,974 m | 2026 | 123 of 229 |
| Average elevation | 108 m | 2026 | 149 of 166 |
Land & Nature 4
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arable land | 28 % | 2024 | 34 of 204 |
| Agricultural land | 61.7 % | 2024 | 38 of 207 |
| Forest cover | 34.9 % | 2024 | 95 of 210 |
| Protected land areas | 15.6 % | 2025 | 119 of 210 |
Democracy & Elections 13
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Share of adults with the right to vote | 100 % | 2025 | 1 of 173 |
| Egalitarian democracy index | 0.22 | 2025 | 109 of 173 |
| Free and fair elections index | 0.3 | 2025 | 119 of 173 |
| Electoral democracy index | 0.18 | 2025 | 144 of 173 |
| Liberal democracy index | 0.06 | 2025 | 155 of 173 |
| Participatory democracy index | 0.05 | 2025 | 156 of 173 |
| Core civil society index | 0.03 | 2025 | 166 of 173 |
| Civil society participation index | 0.09 | 2025 | 168 of 173 |
| Minimum voting age | 16 yrs | 2026 | 217 of 222 |
| Head of the executive chosen through multiparty elections | Executive not from multiparty elections | 2025 | 32 countries out of 173 in the same category |
| Multiparty legislative elections | No multiparty legislative elections | 2025 | 9 countries out of 167 in the same category |
| Multiparty national elections | No multiparty elections | 2025 | 19 countries out of 167 in the same category |
| Political regime | Closed autocracy | 2025 | 32 countries out of 173 in the same category |
Civil Liberties & Human Rights 9
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Equality of civil liberties across social groups | 1.01 | 2025 | 80 of 173 |
| Protection from physical violence by the state (V-Dem) | 0.51 | 2025 | 121 of 174 |
| Private civil liberties index | 0.35 | 2025 | 148 of 173 |
| Human rights index (V-Dem) | 0.3 | 2025 | 149 of 173 |
| Index of individual liberties and equality before the law | 0.23 | 2025 | 155 of 173 |
| Freedom of expression index | 0.07 | 2025 | 161 of 173 |
| Academic freedom index | 0.08 | 2025 | 162 of 173 |
| Political civil liberties index | 0.04 | 2025 | 167 of 173 |
| Freedom of association index | 0.02 | 2025 | 173 of 173 |
Governance & Rule of Law 11
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absence of corruption in the judiciary | 0.59 | 2025 | 76 of 173 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index | 41 pts | 2024 | 82 of 179 |
| Political stability and absence of violence (WGI) | 0.31 | 2025 | 91 of 205 |
| Political corruption index | 0.64 | 2025 | 108 of 173 |
| Government effectiveness (WGI) | -0.4 | 2025 | 138 of 203 |
| Control of corruption (WGI) | -0.73 | 2025 | 149 of 205 |
| Rule of law index (V-Dem) | 0.12 | 2025 | 151 of 173 |
| Judicial constraints on the executive index | 0.09 | 2025 | 155 of 173 |
| Rule of law (WGI) | -1.08 | 2025 | 171 of 205 |
| Voice and accountability (WGI) | -1.62 | 2025 | 185 of 203 |
| Regulatory quality (WGI) | -1.58 | 2025 | 196 of 203 |
Women's rights 4
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Share of women in parliament | 55.7 % | 2025 | 2 of 192 |
| Share of women among ministers | 18.2 % | 2025 | 114 of 192 |
| Year women gained the right to vote | 1,935 | 2025 | 154 of 189 |
| Women's right to vote | Right to vote granted to all women | 2025 | 189 countries out of 194 in the same category |
LGBTQ+ rights 17
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| LGBT rights index (composite policy index) | 18.4 pts | 2025 | 4 of 194 |
| Joint adoption by a same-sex couple | Allowed | 2025 | 38 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Age of sexual consent: same-sex couples | Same as for different-sex couples | 2025 | 120 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Legal change of gender marker | Possible with a medical diagnosis | 2025 | 24 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Anti-LGBT hate crimes: aggravating circumstance | Sexual orientation and gender identity covered | 2025 | 46 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Ban on incitement to anti-LGBT hatred | Prohibited | 2025 | 52 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Ban on non-consensual surgeries on intersex children | Banned by national law | 2025 | 11 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Ban on conversion therapies | Not banned | 2025 | 169 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Laws limiting public LGBT expression (“propaganda”) | No restrictions | 2025 | 149 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Same-sex marriage and civil union | Legal marriage | 2025 | 38 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Death penalty for same-sex relations | No death penalty provided for | 2025 | 185 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Protection against employment discrimination (sexual orientation, gender identity) | Sexual orientation and gender identity protected | 2025 | 52 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Protection from discrimination in goods and services (LGBT) | Sexual orientation and gender identity protected | 2025 | 44 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Protection of sexual orientation and gender identity in the constitution | Sexual orientation and gender identity mentioned | 2025 | 6 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Legal recognition of a third gender | Not recognized | 2025 | 174 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Same-sex sexual relations | Legal | 2025 | 130 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Gender-affirming care: coverage and restrictions | Covered for only one of the two groups | 2025 | 8 countries out of 194 in the same category |
Justice and security 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homicide rate | 4.5 per 100,000 | 2019 | 121 of 192 |
| United Nations Convention against Torture | State party | 2026 | 171 countries out of 202 in the same category |
| International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) | Neither party nor signatory | 2026 | 30 countries out of 202 in the same category |
| Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court | Neither party nor signatory | 2026 | 52 countries out of 202 in the same category |
| Legal status of the death penalty | Retained and applied | 2026 | 53 countries out of 195 in the same category |
| Legal status of cannabis (medical use) | Prohibited | 2026 | 126 countries out of 180 in the same category |
| Legal status of cannabis (recreational use) | Prohibited | 2026 | 144 countries out of 194 in the same category |
Health and reproductive rights 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Births attended by skilled health personnel | 100 % | 2019 | 1 of 204 |
| Abortion on request: maximum legal time limit | 12 wks | 2026 | 18 of 61 |
| Unmet need for contraception | 8.8 % | 2019 | 22 of 150 |
| Use of modern contraceptives | 60.1 % | 2022 | 42 of 181 |
| Maternal mortality | 35 per 100,000 | 2023 | 82 of 192 |
| Adolescent birth rate | 48.2 per 1,000 | 2024 | 143 of 213 |
| Abortion: grounds allowed by law | Allowed on request (within a time limit set by law) | 2026 | 67 countries out of 191 in the same category |
Work and social rights 6
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trade union membership rate | 81.4 % | 2008 | 2 of 137 |
| Employees covered by a collective agreement | 76.8 % | 2018 | 11 of 99 |
| Legal retirement age (men) | 65 yrs | 2026 | 12 of 78 |
| Legal retirement age (women) | 60 yrs | 2026 | 47 of 78 |
| Population covered by at least one social benefit | 63.9 % | 2022 | 88 of 210 |
| Non-respect of freedom of association and collective bargaining | 1.8 /10 | 2024 | 101 of 186 |
Family & Nationality 5
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women married before age 18 | 29.4 % | 2019 | 111 of 144 |
| Age of civil majority | 16 yrs | 2026 | 184 of 187 |
| Dual nationality | Not recognised | 2026 | 98 countries out of 191 in the same category |
| Nationality acquired by birth on the territory | Nationality acquired automatically by birth in the country | 2026 | 38 countries out of 192 in the same category |
| Legal status of polygamy | Not recognized (prohibited) | 2026 | 107 countries out of 167 in the same category |
Civic duties 4
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age of entry into primary school | 6 yrs | 2025 | 33 of 207 |
| Duration of compulsory schooling | 9 yrs | 2025 | 113 of 194 |
| Compulsory military service | Compulsory military service | 2025 | 61 countries out of 134 in the same category |
| Compulsory voting | Voluntary voting | 2026 | 199 countries out of 226 in the same category |
Frequently asked questions
How many people live in Cuba?
Cuba has about 10,937,203 inhabitants (2025), ranking 86 worldwide out of 213 countries.
What is the GDP per capita of Cuba?
GDP per capita is $9,605 /inh. (2020): Cuba ranks 106 out of 211 countries.
What is the unemployment rate in Cuba?
The unemployment rate is 1.7 % (2025); Cuba ranks 15 out of 184 (ranked from lowest to highest).
Where does Cuba stand in its region (North America)?
GDP per capita: Cuba has $9,605 /inh., below the regional median (North America: $19,970 /inh.).
Where do the figures on Cuba come from?
The data comes from public sources (World Bank, CIA World Factbook…), cited on each indicator page, with the year of each value.
Rank is the position in the world ranking for each indicator (the ranking direction is given on the indicator's page). Sources and update dates are on each indicator's page.