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Total reserves (including gold)
What this indicator measures
The gold and foreign currency reserves held by the country's central bank.
How to read this?
A large stock protects the country in a financial crisis.
Ranking : ranked from highest to lowest
In brief
The "Total reserves (including gold)" ranking covers 180 countries and territories. Lowest value: Cuba ($0.00). Highest value: China ($3.7T). Median: $8.5B (data: 1974–2025). The top 10% of countries exceed $232.2B, while the bottom 10% stay below $488.9M. By continent, the median is highest in Europe ($34.2B) and lowest in Oceania ($685.8M).
Median by continent
- Europe $34.2B (41)
- Asia $27.5B (47)
- South America $14.4B (12)
- North America $3.4B (25)
- Africa $2B (43)
- Oceania $685.8M (9)
Why this indicator matters
This indicator shows the stock of gold and foreign currency held by the central bank. It lets you compare countries' ability to pay for imports, repay external debts and defend their currency in a crisis.
What makes this indicator vary
Reserves increase with trade surpluses, capital inflows and commodity revenues. They fall when the central bank sells foreign currency to support its own currency or when the country finances an external deficit. The value of gold also counts.
Reading precautions
The amount is in current dollars, so it varies with exchange rates and the price of gold. The raw figure favors large economies: to judge strength, compare it with imports or GDP.
Full ranking
ranked from highest to lowest
| Rank | Country | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1er | 🇨🇳 China | $3.7T | 2025 |
| 2e | 🇺🇸 United States | $1.4T | 2025 |
| 3e | 🇯🇵 Japan | $1.4T | 2025 |
| 4e | 🇨🇭 Switzerland | $1.1T | 2025 |
| 5e | 🇮🇳 India | $700.1B | 2025 |
| 6e | 🇷🇺 Russia | $608.4B | 2024 |
| 7e | 🇩🇪 Germany | $572.2B | 2025 |
| 8e | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | $505.2B | 2025 |
| 9e | 🇰🇷 South Korea | $436.6B | 2025 |
| 10e | 🇮🇹 Italy | $434B | 2025 |
| 11e | 🇸🇬 Singapore | $432.1B | 2025 |
| 12e | 🇫🇷 France | $428.2B | 2025 |
| 13e | 🇭🇰 Hong Kong SAR China | $425.6B | 2023 |
| 14e | 🇧🇷 Brazil | $358.5B | 2025 |
| 15e | 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates | $292.3B | 2025 |
| 16e | 🇹🇭 Thailand | $282.3B | 2025 |
| 17e | 🇵🇱 Poland | $271.8B | 2025 |
| 18e | 🇲🇽 Mexico | $256.2B | 2025 |
| 19e | 🇮🇱 Israel | $229.5B | 2025 |
| 20e | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | $214.4B | 2025 |
| 21e | 🇹🇷 Türkiye | $185.6B | 2025 |
| 22e | 🇨🇿 Czechia | $176.3B | 2025 |
| 23e | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | $156.5B | 2025 |
| 24e | 🇪🇸 Spain | $128.6B | 2025 |
| 25e | 🇩🇰 Denmark | $127.8B | 2025 |
| 26e | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | $125.6B | 2025 |
| 27e | 🇨🇦 Canada | $125.6B | 2025 |
| 28e | 🇳🇱 Netherlands | $118.1B | 2025 |
| 29e | 🇵🇭 Philippines | $110.9B | 2025 |
| 30e | 🇱🇾 Libya | $104.7B | 2025 |
| 31e | 🇮🇶 Iraq | $98.5B | 2025 |
| 32e | 🇷🇴 Romania | $90.6B | 2025 |
| 33e | 🇵🇪 Peru | $90.4B | 2025 |
| 34e | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | $85.6B | 2025 |
| 35e | 🇳🇴 Norway | $85.5B | 2025 |
| 36e | 🇩🇿 Algeria | $76.8B | 2025 |
| 37e | 🇿🇦 South Africa | $76B | 2025 |
| 38e | 🇸🇪 Sweden | $74.2B | 2025 |
| 39e | 🇦🇺 Australia | $72.6B | 2025 |
| 40e | 🇵🇹 Portugal | $68.8B | 2025 |
| 41e | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | $66.1B | 2025 |
| 42e | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | $66B | 2025 |
| 43e | 🇨🇴 Colombia | $65.8B | 2025 |
| 44e | 🇭🇺 Hungary | $59.1B | 2025 |
| 45e | 🇺🇦 Ukraine | $57.3B | 2025 |
| 46e | 🇧🇪 Belgium | $56.4B | 2025 |
| 47e | 🇶🇦 Qatar | $55.8B | 2025 |
| 48e | 🇦🇹 Austria | $53.4B | 2025 |
| 49e | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | $51.7B | 2025 |
| 50e | 🇨🇱 Chile | $49.4B | 2025 |
| 51e | 🇪🇬 Egypt | $48.9B | 2025 |
| 52e | 🇲🇦 Morocco | $48.5B | 2025 |
| 53e | 🇧🇬 Bulgaria | $47.1B | 2025 |
| 54e | 🇳🇬 Nigeria | $46B | 2025 |
| 55e | 🇦🇷 Argentina | $41B | 2025 |
| 56e | 🇷🇸 Serbia | $34.2B | 2025 |
| 57e | 🇱🇧 Lebanon | $33.3B | 2024 |
| 58e | 🇬🇹 Guatemala | $32.8B | 2025 |
| 59e | 🇲🇴 Macao SAR China | $30.6B | 2025 |
| 60e | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | $28.6B | 2025 |
| 61e | 🇳🇿 New Zealand | $28.2B | 2025 |
| 62e | 🇰🇭 Cambodia | $27.5B | 2025 |
| 63e | 🇯🇴 Jordan | $26.6B | 2025 |
| 64e | 🇵🇰 Pakistan | $26.5B | 2025 |
| 65e | 🇬🇷 Greece | $24B | 2025 |
| 66e | 🇫🇮 Finland | $22.5B | 2025 |
| 67e | 🇳🇵 Nepal | $21.1B | 2025 |
| 68e | 🇸🇾 Syria | $20.6B | 2010 |
| 69e | 🇺🇾 Uruguay | $19B | 2025 |
| 70e | 🇴🇲 Oman | $18.3B | 2024 |
| 71e | 🇸🇰 Slovakia | $18.2B | 2025 |
| 72e | 🇨🇷 Costa Rica | $17.1B | 2025 |
| 73e | 🇩🇴 Dominican Republic | $14.8B | 2025 |
| 74e | 🇧🇾 Belarus | $14.5B | 2025 |
| 75e | 🇮🇪 Ireland | $13.7B | 2025 |
| 76e | 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan | $13.6B | 2025 |
| 77e | 🇦🇴 Angola | $13.5B | 2025 |
| 78e | 🇰🇪 Kenya | $12.4B | 2025 |
| 79e | 🇬🇭 Ghana | $12.1B | 2025 |
| 80e | 🇲🇺 Mauritius | $10.3B | 2025 |
| 81e | 🇭🇳 Honduras | $10.2B | 2025 |
| 82e | 🇪🇨 Ecuador | $9.8B | 2025 |
| 83e | 🇻🇪 Venezuela | $9.8B | 2017 |
| 84e | 🇦🇫 Afghanistan | $9.7B | 2020 |
| 85e | 🇵🇾 Paraguay | $9.6B | 2024 |
| 86e | 🇧🇦 Bosnia & Herzegovina | $9.4B | 2024 |
| 87e | 🇹🇳 Tunisia | $9.3B | 2024 |
| 88e | 🇲🇲 Myanmar (Burma) | $9.3B | 2023 |
| 89e | 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan | $8.6B | 2025 |
| 90e | 🇦🇱 Albania | $8.6B | 2025 |
| 91e | 🇳🇮 Nicaragua | $8.3B | 2025 |
| 92e | 🇮🇸 Iceland | $7.7B | 2025 |
| 93e | 🇮🇷 Iran | $7.7B | 1982 |
| 94e | 🇱🇹 Lithuania | $7.1B | 2025 |
| 95e | 🇲🇳 Mongolia | $7B | 2025 |
| 96e | 🇯🇲 Jamaica | $6.3B | 2025 |
| 97e | 🇵🇦 Panama | $6.2B | 2025 |
| 98e | 🇬🇪 Georgia | $6.2B | 2025 |
| 99e | 🇱🇻 Latvia | $6.1B | 2025 |
| 100e | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | $6.1B | 2024 |
| 101e | 🇲🇩 Moldova | $6B | 2025 |
| 102e | 🇲🇰 North Macedonia | $5.8B | 2025 |
| 103e | 🇧🇳 Brunei | $5.5B | 2025 |
| 104e | 🇹🇹 Trinidad & Tobago | $5.4B | 2025 |
| 105e | 🇧🇭 Bahrain | $5.3B | 2025 |
| 106e | 🇨🇩 Congo - Kinshasa | $5.1B | 2023 |
| 107e | 🇦🇲 Armenia | $5.1B | 2025 |
| 108e | 🇨🇲 Cameroon | $5.1B | 2024 |
| 109e | 🇹🇿 Tanzania | $5B | 2018 |
| 110e | 🇸🇻 El Salvador | $4.8B | 2025 |
| 111e | 🇹🇯 Tajikistan | $4.3B | 2025 |
| 112e | 🇭🇷 Croatia | $4.2B | 2025 |
| 113e | 🇿🇲 Zambia | $4.1B | 2024 |
| 114e | 🇲🇿 Mozambique | $3.8B | 2024 |
| 115e | 🇪🇹 Ethiopia | $3.8B | 2024 |
| 116e | 🇱🇦 Laos | $3.7B | 2025 |
| 117e | 🇵🇬 Papua New Guinea | $3.7B | 2024 |
| 118e | 🇸🇮 Slovenia | $3.5B | 2025 |
| 119e | 🇺🇬 Uganda | $3.5B | 2024 |
| 120e | 🇧🇼 Botswana | $3.5B | 2024 |
| 121e | 🇭🇹 Haiti | $3.4B | 2025 |
| 122e | 🇳🇦 Namibia | $3.1B | 2025 |
| 123e | 🇱🇺 Luxembourg | $3.1B | 2025 |
| 124e | 🇨🇾 Cyprus | $2.9B | 2025 |
| 125e | 🇧🇸 Bahamas | $2.8B | 2025 |
| 126e | 🇲🇬 Madagascar | $2.8B | 2024 |
| 127e | 🇪🇪 Estonia | $2.4B | 2025 |
| 128e | 🇦🇼 Aruba | $2.2B | 2025 |
| 129e | 🇲🇪 Montenegro | $2.2B | 2025 |
| 130e | 🇲🇷 Mauritania | $2B | 2021 |
| 131e | 🇷🇼 Rwanda | $2B | 2025 |
| 132e | 🇫🇯 Fiji | $1.7B | 2025 |
| 133e | 🇧🇧 Barbados | $1.7B | 2024 |
| 134e | 🇸🇷 Suriname | $1.6B | 2025 |
| 135e | 🇹🇩 Chad | $1.5B | 2024 |
| 136e | 🇲🇹 Malta | $1.5B | 2025 |
| 137e | 🇽🇰 Kosovo | $1.5B | 2025 |
| 138e | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | $1.5B | 1999 |
| 139e | 🇬🇾 Guyana | $1.4B | 2025 |
| 140e | 🇬🇳 Guinea | $1.3B | 2024 |
| 141e | 🇨🇻 Cape Verde | $1.3B | 2025 |
| 142e | 🇾🇪 Yemen | $1.3B | 2022 |
| 143e | 🇧🇹 Bhutan | $1.2B | 2025 |
| 144e | 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea | $1.1B | 2024 |
| 145e | 🇱🇸 Lesotho | $1B | 2024 |
| 146e | 🇲🇻 Maldives | $984.6M | 2025 |
| 147e | 🇸🇲 San Marino | $861.2M | 2025 |
| 148e | 🇹🇱 Timor-Leste | $806.3M | 2025 |
| 149e | 🇸🇨 Seychelles | $773.7M | 2024 |
| 150e | 🇨🇬 Congo - Brazzaville | $758.6M | 2024 |
| 151e | 🇸🇧 Solomon Islands | $685.8M | 2024 |
| 152e | 🇩🇯 Djibouti | $655.7M | 2025 |
| 153e | 🇬🇦 Gabon | $638.8M | 2024 |
| 154e | 🇬🇲 Gambia | $628.8M | 2024 |
| 155e | 🇻🇺 Vanuatu | $614.6M | 2024 |
| 156e | 🇼🇸 Samoa | $598.3M | 2025 |
| 157e | 🇲🇼 Malawi | $594.5M | 2020 |
| 158e | 🇧🇴 Bolivia | $579.9M | 2025 |
| 159e | 🇧🇿 Belize | $559.4M | 2025 |
| 160e | 🇸🇿 Eswatini | $536.6M | 2024 |
| 161e | 🇫🇲 Micronesia | $497.4M | 2021 |
| 162e | 🇨🇫 Central African Republic | $489.3M | 2024 |
| 163e | 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | $485M | 2024 |
| 164e | 🇱🇨 St. Lucia | $447.2M | 2025 |
| 165e | 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone | $433.3M | 2024 |
| 166e | 🇹🇴 Tonga | $412.7M | 2025 |
| 167e | 🇰🇲 Comoros | $409.1M | 2025 |
| 168e | 🇬🇩 Grenada | $408.1M | 2025 |
| 169e | 🇦🇬 Antigua & Barbuda | $378.5M | 2025 |
| 170e | 🇱🇷 Liberia | $338.8M | 2025 |
| 171e | 🇰🇳 St. Kitts & Nevis | $282.1M | 2025 |
| 172e | 🇻🇨 St. Vincent & Grenadines | $281.2M | 2025 |
| 173e | 🇰🇾 Cayman Islands | $270.4M | 2025 |
| 174e | 🇪🇷 Eritrea | $191.7M | 2019 |
| 175e | 🇸🇩 Sudan | $177.9M | 2017 |
| 176e | 🇩🇲 Dominica | $164.7M | 2025 |
| 177e | 🇧🇮 Burundi | $90.3M | 2023 |
| 178e | 🇸🇹 São Tomé & Príncipe | $58.8M | 2024 |
| 179e | 🇸🇴 Somalia | $23.1M | 1989 |
| 180e | 🇨🇺 Cuba | $0.00 | 1974 |
Frequently asked questions
Which country has the highest value for "Total reserves (including gold)"?
The highest value is in China, at $3.7T (2025).
Which country has the lowest value for "Total reserves (including gold)"?
The lowest value is in Cuba, at $0.00 (1974).
What is the world median value of "Total reserves (including gold)"?
The world median is $8.5B, calculated across 180 countries: half of the countries are above it, the other half below.
What is the value of "Total reserves (including gold)" for France?
France scores $428.2B (2025), ranking 12 out of 180 countries (ranked from highest to lowest).
Where does the "Total reserves (including gold)" data come from?
It comes from Banque mondiale – Indicateurs du développement dans le monde (FI.RES.TOTL.CD). Site last updated: November 8, 2026. Each country is shown with the year of its most recent value.
What are foreign exchange reserves used for?
They act as a safety cushion. The central bank can use them to pay for imports, repay debts in foreign currency or support its currency when it is under pressure.
What do these reserves contain?
They mainly consist of foreign currencies and easily sellable securities, as well as gold, special drawing rights and the country's position with the International Monetary Fund.
Source and update
Source : Banque mondiale – Indicateurs du développement dans le monde (FI.RES.TOTL.CD). Site last updated: November 8, 2026.
Indicative exchange rates of the day (approximate conversion of US dollar amounts): ExchangeRate-API.
Indicators in the same category : Finance & Reserves
- Stock market capitalizationThe total value of companies listed on the stock market, compared with the size of the country's economy.
- Domestic credit to the private sectorThe total loans banks give to businesses and individuals, compared with the country's wealth.
- External debtWhat the country (government, banks, companies) owes to foreign lenders, compared with its national income.
- Reserves in months of importsFor how many months the country's reserves could pay for all of its imports.