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🇧🇹 Bhutan

With 796,682 inhabitants (2025), Bhutan ranks 163 out of 213 in the population ranking (Asia). GDP per capita – Bhutan: $4,493 /inh. (2025), ranking 144 out of 211. Economic growth is 8 % (2025). The unemployment rate is 3.2 % (2025). Annual inflation stands at 3.6 % (2025).

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Strengths and weaknesses

Strengths – Bhutan, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Extreme poverty (1/169), Population living less than 5 m above sea level (1/212), Share of adults with the right to vote (1/173).

Weaknesses – Bhutan, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Women's legal equality: retirement (177/186), Share of women in parliament (182/192), External debt (114/121).

Regional comparison

Comparable countries

From closest to furthest. The proximity score (0 to 100) compares each country’s position across all the indicators they have in common: 100 = identical profiles.

All indicators

·
Wealth & Growth 9
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
GDP per capita growth7.3 %2025 9 of 211
GDP growth8 %2025 14 of 211
Natural resource rents2.7 %2021 90 of 211
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity$19,594 /inh.2025 109 of 201
Net national income per capita$2,945 /inh.2021 120 of 184
Gross national income per capita (Atlas method)$4,310 /inh.2025 141 of 205
GDP per capita$4,493 /inh.2025 144 of 211
GDP, purchasing power parity$15.6B2025 157 of 201
GDP$3.6B2025 175 of 211
Prices, Inflation & Currency 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Real interest rate8.3 %2025 35 of 146
Broad money supply (M3)83.3 %2024 39 of 164
Lending interest rate11.8 %2025 49 of 146
Official exchange rate87.16 LCU/$2025 69 of 211
Inflation (GDP deflator)3.2 %2025 100 of 210
Inflation (consumer prices)3.6 %2025 113 of 191
Employment 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Self-employed workers69.5 %2025 33 of 184
Employment in agriculture42.4 %2025 35 of 184
Unemployment3.2 %2025 47 of 184
Employment rate (ages 15 and over)62.7 %2025 52 of 184
Labor force participation rate (ages 15 and over)64.8 %2025 63 of 184
Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)17.1 %2025 120 of 184
Employment in industry15.9 %2025 135 of 184
Employment in services41.8 %2025 149 of 184
Foreign Trade 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Imports of goods and services47.9 %2024 89 of 192
Trade openness79.4 %2024 103 of 192
Exports of goods and services31.5 %2024 114 of 192
Merchandise exports$800M2025 158 of 205
Services exports$257.1M2024 166 of 198
High-technology exports0 %2023 179 of 185
Current account balance-19.4 %2024 186 of 198
Investment, Tourism & Aid 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Official development aid received5.5 %2023 43 of 160
Migrant remittances received3.3 %2024 81 of 196
International tourism receipts$84M2020 162 of 201
Foreign direct investment inflows0.2 %2025 170 of 201
Foreign direct investment inflows (amount)$8.5M2025 178 of 203
International tourist arrivals29,800 arr.2020 191 of 202
Public finances 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Government final consumption20 %2024 59 of 187
Budget balance-2.5 %2020 83 of 158
Central government spending24.1 %2020 92 of 160
Share of income taxes in government revenue19.9 %2020 93 of 159
Central government debt111 %2020 100 of 109
Tax revenue12.3 %2020 114 of 161
Research and development spending0.1 %2024 130 of 155
Finance & Reserves 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Domestic credit to the private sector71.6 %2025 41 of 184
Reserves in months of imports6.6 months2024 43 of 177
External debt114.5 %2023 114 of 121
Total reserves (including gold)$1.2B2025 143 of 180
Economic structure 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Gross capital formation42.6 %2024 5 of 185
Industry (including construction)33.2 %2025 41 of 205
Agriculture, forestry and fishing13.7 %2025 61 of 203
Gross savings22.9 %2024 83 of 178
Services53.2 %2025 130 of 202
Household final consumption53.8 %2024 131 of 189
Manufacturing6.6 %2024 137 of 201
Population & Vital Statistics 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Number of men per 100 women114.6 per 100 women2025 10 of 213
Share of men in the population53.4 %2025 10 of 213
Share of 15-64 year olds73 %2025 11 of 213
Births registered with civil authorities99.9 %2010 49 of 178
Share of 0-14 year olds20.4 %2025 120 of 213
Boys per 100 girls at birth104.8 per 100 girls2024 125 of 213
Median age of the population29.4 yrs2023 128 of 226
Share of people aged 65 and over6.6 %2025 130 of 213
Population796,682 inhab.2025 163 of 213
Urban population43.4 %2025 164 of 213
Age dependency ratio37 per 1002025 203 of 213
Share of women in the population46.6 %2025 204 of 213
Births, deaths and life expectancy 14
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Male suicide rate10.3 per 100,0002023 60 of 183
Suicide rate7.7 per 100,0002023 68 of 183
Healthy life expectancy65 yrs2023 80 of 183
Female suicide rate4.9 per 100,0002023 98 of 183
Infant mortality13.7 per 1,0002024 104 of 194
Road traffic deaths16.2 per 100,0002019 106 of 188
Male life expectancy at birth71.6 yrs2024 107 of 213
Under-5 mortality17.2 per 1,0002024 111 of 194
Birth rate12.5 per 1,0002024 112 of 213
Life expectancy at birth73.3 yrs2024 121 of 213
Population growth0.65 %2025 124 of 213
Female life expectancy at birth75.3 yrs2024 132 of 213
Death rate6.1 per 1,0002024 154 of 213
Children per woman1.45 children/woman2024 161 of 213
Health and healthcare system 11
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Open defecation0 %2024 1 of 211
Measles vaccination97 %2024 31 of 191
HIV prevalence0.2 %2024 46 of 152
Access to basic drinking water99.5 %2024 64 of 211
Share of health spending paid directly by patients25.5 %2023 83 of 191
Hospital beds2.2 per 1,0002023 100 of 190
Access to basic sanitation86.8 %2024 136 of 211
Nurses and midwives2.05 per 1,0002022 136 of 196
Physicians0.55 per 1,0002022 136 of 193
Health expenditure4.4 %2023 141 of 191
New tuberculosis cases191 per 100,0002024 171 of 206
Body and lifestyle 14
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Average weight of women57.4 kg2014 40 of 48
Average weight of men63.2 kg2014 41 of 48
Adult obesity13.1 %2024 45 of 196
Obesity among adult women16.9 %2024 49 of 196
Obesity among adult men9.8 %2024 54 of 196
Tobacco use among men28.3 %2024 85 of 165
Tobacco use19.6 %2024 86 of 165
Tobacco use among women11 %2024 108 of 165
Alcohol consumption per capita3.1 L/person2024 127 of 202
Mean body mass index of men23.5 kg/m²2016 138 of 190
Mean body mass index of women24.5 kg/m²2016 139 of 190
Diabetes prevalence12 %2024 153 of 207
Average height of men165.3 cm2014 172 of 198
Average height of women153.6 cm2014 185 of 198
Origins, languages and religions 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of the population: Buddhists74.7 %2020 4 of 192
Share of the population: Hindus22.5 %2020 6 of 192
Linguistic diversity (fractionalization index)0.612003 54 of 203
Ethnic diversity (fractionalization index)0.612003 61 of 205
Share of the population: other religions (including folk religions)1.9 %2020 61 of 192
Share of the population: Jews0 %2020 94 of 192
Share of immigrants in the population7 %2024 95 of 212
Religious diversity (fractionalization index)0.382003 128 of 204
Share of the population: Muslims0.2 %2020 146 of 192
Share of the population: Christians0.6 %2020 175 of 192
Share of the population: people with no religious affiliation0 %2020 177 of 192
Majority religionBuddhists (over 50%)20207 countries out of 192 in the same category
Inequality 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Extreme poverty0 %2022 1 of 169
Gini index28.52022 21 of 169
Income share of the poorest 20%8.8 %2022 28 of 169
Income share of the richest 10%22.7 %2022 151 of 169
Territory & Borders 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Latitude of the country's center27.4 °2026 83 of 232
Number of neighboring countries2 countries2026 108 of 223
Length of land borders1,136 km2026 116 of 230
Land area38,140 km²2024 132 of 212
Total area38,390 km²2024 133 of 212
Population density20.8 inh./km²2024 181 of 212
Length of coastline0 km2026 184 of 227
Landlocked countryLandlocked202644 countries out of 227 in the same category
Terrain, Water & Climate 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Population living less than 5 m above sea level0 %2015 1 of 212
Average elevation2,220 m2026 4 of 166
Renewable fresh water per person99,883 m³/inh.2022 4 of 181
Highest point7,570 m2026 5 of 229
Lowest point97 m2026 24 of 228
Average annual rainfall2,200 mm2022 24 of 180
Land & Nature 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Protected land areas51.6 %2025 4 of 210
Forest cover70.4 %2024 18 of 210
Arable land2.6 %2024 160 of 204
Agricultural land13.8 %2024 164 of 207
Democracy & Elections 13
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of adults with the right to vote100 %2025 1 of 173
Minimum voting age18 yrs2026 12 of 222
Free and fair elections index0.872025 45 of 173
Egalitarian democracy index0.462025 58 of 173
Liberal democracy index0.462025 71 of 173
Participatory democracy index0.352025 71 of 173
Electoral democracy index0.572025 75 of 173
Civil society participation index0.692025 87 of 173
Core civil society index0.692025 98 of 173
Head of the executive chosen through multiparty electionsExecutive from multiparty elections2025141 countries out of 173 in the same category
Multiparty legislative electionsMultiparty legislative elections2025158 countries out of 167 in the same category
Multiparty national electionsMultiparty elections2025148 countries out of 167 in the same category
Political regimeElectoral democracy202555 countries out of 173 in the same category
Civil Liberties & Human Rights 9
Governance & Rule of Law 11
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Political stability and absence of violence (WGI)1.392025 10 of 205
Corruption Perceptions Index72 pts2024 18 of 179
Control of corruption (WGI)1.472025 21 of 205
Political corruption index0.152025 34 of 173
Rule of law index (V-Dem)0.872025 39 of 173
Rule of law (WGI)0.722025 51 of 205
Judicial constraints on the executive index0.82025 56 of 173
Government effectiveness (WGI)0.712025 57 of 203
Absence of corruption in the judiciary0.662025 73 of 173
Voice and accountability (WGI)0.212025 90 of 203
Regulatory quality (WGI)-0.092025 103 of 203
Women's rights 16
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Year women gained the right to vote2,0072025 2 of 189
Share of women among ministers11.1 %2025 147 of 192
Share of women in parliament4.3 %2025 182 of 192
Paid maternity leavePaid leave of less than 98 days202559 countries out of 186 in the same category
Paid paternity leave14 days or more of paid leave202560 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to voteRight to vote granted to all women2025189 countries out of 194 in the same category
Women's right to take a job without permissionSame right as men2025168 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to travel abroadSame right as men2025171 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal inheritance between sons and daughtersEqual rights for sons and daughters2025146 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal pay for work of equal valueWritten into law202598 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal property ownership rightsEqual rights for men and women2025165 countries out of 186 in the same category
Ban on gender discrimination in employmentDiscrimination prohibited by law2025157 countries out of 186 in the same category
Femicide lawNo specific provision2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on sexual harassmentOne to three areas covered2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on domestic violenceComprehensive law202593 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal quota for women on company boardsNo mandatory quota2025147 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's Legal Equality (Indices) 11
LGBTQ+ rights 17
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
LGBT rights index (composite policy index)1 pts2025 109 of 194
Joint adoption by a same-sex coupleNot allowed2025155 countries out of 194 in the same category
Age of sexual consent: same-sex couplesSame as for different-sex couples2025120 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal change of gender markerNot legally possible2025125 countries out of 194 in the same category
Anti-LGBT hate crimes: aggravating circumstanceNot covered2025126 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on incitement to anti-LGBT hatredNot prohibited2025141 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on non-consensual surgeries on intersex childrenNot banned2025182 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on conversion therapiesNot banned2025169 countries out of 194 in the same category
Laws limiting public LGBT expression (“propaganda”)No restrictions2025149 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex marriage and civil unionNo legal provision202545 countries out of 194 in the same category
Death penalty for same-sex relationsNo death penalty provided for2025185 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection against employment discrimination (sexual orientation, gender identity)No protection2025107 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection from discrimination in goods and services (LGBT)No protection2025125 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection of sexual orientation and gender identity in the constitutionNot mentioned2025180 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal recognition of a third genderNot recognized2025174 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex sexual relationsLegal2025130 countries out of 194 in the same category
Gender-affirming care: coverage and restrictionsNeither coverage nor national restriction2025149 countries out of 194 in the same category
Justice and security 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Homicide rate2.5 per 100,0002020 91 of 192
United Nations Convention against TortureNeither party nor signatory202627 countries out of 202 in the same category
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)Neither party nor signatory202630 countries out of 202 in the same category
Rome Statute of the International Criminal CourtNeither party nor signatory202652 countries out of 202 in the same category
Legal status of the death penaltyAbolished for all crimes2026112 countries out of 195 in the same category
Legal status of cannabis (medical use)Prohibited2026126 countries out of 180 in the same category
Legal status of cannabis (recreational use)Prohibited2026144 countries out of 194 in the same category
Health and reproductive rights 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Use of modern contraceptives65.4 %2010 31 of 181
Unmet need for contraception11.7 %2010 43 of 150
Adolescent birth rate8.7 per 1,0002024 58 of 213
Births attended by skilled health personnel98.9 %2021 94 of 204
Maternal mortality47 per 100,0002023 96 of 192
Abortion: grounds allowed by lawAllowed for health reasons, rape or fetal impairment202670 countries out of 191 in the same category
Work and social rights 3
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Statutory monthly minimum wage in purchasing power parity$1802024 147 of 168
Legal monthly minimum wage$44.822024 151 of 168
Population covered by at least one social benefit11.9 %2021 178 of 210
Family & Nationality 10
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Years of residence required for naturalization10 yrs2026 12 of 152
Age of civil majority18 yrs2026 21 of 187
Women married before age 189 %2023 44 of 144
Dual nationalityNot recognised202698 countries out of 191 in the same category
Women's right to be head of householdSame right as men2025157 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to divorceRight not identical202544 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal framework on child marriageAt least one condition is missing2025141 countries out of 186 in the same category
Nationality acquired by birth on the territoryNot acquired automatically by birth in the country2026154 countries out of 192 in the same category
Wife's legal duty of obedience to her husbandNo duty of obedience in the law2025168 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal status of polygamyPolygamy recognized by law202645 countries out of 167 in the same category
Civic duties 3
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Age of entry into primary school6 yrs2025 33 of 207
Compulsory military serviceCompulsory military service202561 countries out of 134 in the same category
Compulsory votingVoluntary voting2026199 countries out of 226 in the same category

Frequently asked questions

How many people live in Bhutan?

Bhutan has about 796,682 inhabitants (2025), ranking 163 worldwide out of 213 countries.

What is the GDP per capita of Bhutan?

GDP per capita is $4,493 /inh. (2025): Bhutan ranks 144 out of 211 countries.

What is the inflation rate in Bhutan?

Annual inflation is 3.6 % (2025); Bhutan ranks 113 out of 191 (ranked from lowest to highest).

What is the unemployment rate in Bhutan?

The unemployment rate is 3.2 % (2025); Bhutan ranks 47 out of 184 (ranked from lowest to highest).

Where does Bhutan stand in its region (Asia)?

GDP per capita: Bhutan has $4,493 /inh., below the regional median (Asia: $6,540 /inh.).

Where do the figures on Bhutan come from?

The data comes from public sources (World Bank, CIA World Factbook…), cited on each indicator page, with the year of each value.

Rank is the position in the world ranking for each indicator (the ranking direction is given on the indicator's page). Sources and update dates are on each indicator's page.