Home › Indicators › Trade openness
Trade openness
What this indicator measures
Exports plus imports, compared with the country's wealth. Measures how intensely the country trades with the rest of the world.
How to read this?
The higher it is, the more the country trades with other countries. It can go above 100%.
Ranking : ranked from highest to lowest
In brief
Trade openness: across 192 countries and territories, values range from 2.4 % (Sudan) to 396.6 % (Hong Kong SAR China), with a world median of 82.9 %. Data: 1960–2025. The top 10% of countries exceed 155.1 %, while the bottom 10% stay below 38.1 %. By continent, the median is highest in Europe (105.8 %) and lowest in South America (50.8 %).
Median by continent
- Europe 105.8 % (42)
- Oceania 93.1 % (18)
- North America 89.3 % (22)
- Asia 81 % (46)
- Africa 56.7 % (49)
- South America 50.8 % (12)
Why this indicator matters
This indicator shows how much a country trades with the rest of the world, adding up its sales and purchases abroad. It helps identify economies that depend heavily on international trade and those that mostly run on their domestic market.
What makes this indicator vary
It is higher in small countries, well placed on shipping routes or at the heart of trading areas. It is lower in large countries with a vast domestic market, or when tariffs and barriers slow trade. Countries that assemble imported products and then re-export them push it up.
Reading precautions
Exports and imports are added together and then measured against GDP: the result can exceed 100%, and that is not an error. It does not say whether trade is balanced or profitable.
Full ranking
ranked from highest to lowest
| Rank | Country | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1er | 🇭🇰 Hong Kong SAR China | 396.6 % | 2025 |
| 2e | 🇱🇺 Luxembourg | 349.9 % | 2025 |
| 3e | 🇸🇲 San Marino | 341 % | 2023 |
| 4e | 🇸🇬 Singapore | 320.3 % | 2025 |
| 5e | 🇮🇪 Ireland | 240 % | 2025 |
| 6e | 🇲🇹 Malta | 219 % | 2025 |
| 7e | 🇩🇯 Djibouti | 206.3 % | 2025 |
| 8e | 🇻🇮 U.S. Virgin Islands | 205.6 % | 2022 |
| 9e | 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates | 199 % | 2023 |
| 10e | 🇬🇾 Guyana | 194.4 % | 2005 |
| 11e | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | 190.3 % | 2025 |
| 12e | 🇨🇾 Cyprus | 189.5 % | 2025 |
| 13e | 🇸🇨 Seychelles | 172.3 % | 2025 |
| 14e | 🇸🇰 Slovakia | 170.3 % | 2025 |
| 15e | 🇳🇷 Nauru | 165.4 % | 2025 |
| 16e | 🇦🇼 Aruba | 164.1 % | 2024 |
| 17e | 🇧🇭 Bahrain | 157.5 % | 2024 |
| 18e | 🇲🇻 Maldives | 156.5 % | 2024 |
| 19e | 🇪🇪 Estonia | 155.8 % | 2025 |
| 20e | 🇨🇼 Curaçao | 155.3 % | 2018 |
| 21e | 🇱🇸 Lesotho | 154 % | 2025 |
| 22e | 🇧🇪 Belgium | 152.9 % | 2025 |
| 23e | 🇸🇮 Slovenia | 151.9 % | 2025 |
| 24e | 🇳🇱 Netherlands | 150.1 % | 2025 |
| 25e | 🇨🇭 Switzerland | 147.2 % | 2025 |
| 26e | 🇯🇴 Jordan | 146 % | 2007 |
| 27e | 🇱🇹 Lithuania | 142.1 % | 2025 |
| 28e | 🇭🇺 Hungary | 140.8 % | 2025 |
| 29e | 🇲🇺 Mauritius | 139.9 % | 2025 |
| 30e | 🇲🇴 Macao SAR China | 139.1 % | 2025 |
| 31e | 🇹🇭 Thailand | 138.4 % | 2025 |
| 32e | 🇱🇾 Libya | 137.7 % | 2025 |
| 33e | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | 136.4 % | 2025 |
| 34e | 🇰🇭 Cambodia | 136.1 % | 2025 |
| 35e | 🇲🇰 North Macedonia | 133 % | 2025 |
| 36e | 🇵🇬 Papua New Guinea | 131.1 % | 2004 |
| 37e | 🇲🇳 Mongolia | 130.7 % | 2025 |
| 38e | 🇱🇻 Latvia | 129.7 % | 2025 |
| 39e | 🇩🇰 Denmark | 129.2 % | 2025 |
| 40e | 🇸🇴 Somalia | 128.1 % | 2025 |
| 41e | 🇨🇿 Czechia | 128 % | 2025 |
| 42e | 🇨🇺 Cuba | 124.9 % | 2024 |
| 43e | 🇦🇸 American Samoa | 124.7 % | 2022 |
| 44e | 🇧🇳 Brunei | 123.6 % | 2025 |
| 45e | 🇫🇯 Fiji | 119 % | 2024 |
| 46e | 🇦🇬 Antigua & Barbuda | 118.3 % | 2022 |
| 47e | 🇽🇰 Kosovo | 118.2 % | 2025 |
| 48e | 🇲🇭 Marshall Islands | 115.9 % | 2025 |
| 49e | 🇴🇲 Oman | 114.9 % | 2024 |
| 50e | 🇷🇸 Serbia | 112.9 % | 2025 |
| 51e | 🇧🇾 Belarus | 112.1 % | 2025 |
| 52e | 🇸🇧 Solomon Islands | 111.4 % | 2024 |
| 53e | 🇧🇿 Belize | 109 % | 2024 |
| 54e | 🇳🇦 Namibia | 108.6 % | 2025 |
| 55e | 🇸🇿 Eswatini | 107.5 % | 2024 |
| 56e | 🇦🇹 Austria | 107 % | 2025 |
| 57e | 🇵🇼 Palau | 105.8 % | 2024 |
| 58e | 🇲🇪 Montenegro | 105.8 % | 2025 |
| 59e | 🇫🇴 Faroe Islands | 105.8 % | 2024 |
| 60e | 🇰🇾 Cayman Islands | 105.5 % | 2020 |
| 61e | 🇸🇪 Sweden | 104.3 % | 2025 |
| 62e | 🇬🇳 Guinea | 103.7 % | 2025 |
| 63e | 🇧🇬 Bulgaria | 102.5 % | 2025 |
| 64e | 🇰🇮 Kiribati | 102.1 % | 2024 |
| 65e | 🇦🇲 Armenia | 101.7 % | 2025 |
| 66e | 🇹🇳 Tunisia | 101.4 % | 2025 |
| 67e | 🇭🇷 Croatia | 101 % | 2025 |
| 68e | 🇬🇪 Georgia | 100.6 % | 2025 |
| 69e | 🇶🇦 Qatar | 100.2 % | 2022 |
| 70e | 🇲🇿 Mozambique | 97.1 % | 2025 |
| 71e | 🇵🇱 Poland | 97 % | 2025 |
| 72e | 🇳🇮 Nicaragua | 96.4 % | 2025 |
| 73e | 🇹🇱 Timor-Leste | 95.4 % | 2024 |
| 74e | 🇨🇻 Cape Verde | 95.3 % | 2025 |
| 75e | 🇧🇦 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 95.1 % | 2025 |
| 76e | 🇲🇷 Mauritania | 94 % | 2025 |
| 77e | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | 94 % | 2024 |
| 78e | 🇲🇵 Northern Mariana Islands | 93.2 % | 2022 |
| 79e | 🇲🇦 Morocco | 93.1 % | 2025 |
| 80e | 🇫🇲 Micronesia | 93.1 % | 2025 |
| 81e | 🇲🇩 Moldova | 92.7 % | 2025 |
| 82e | 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan | 92.4 % | 2025 |
| 83e | 🇬🇱 Greenland | 91.9 % | 2023 |
| 84e | 🇨🇬 Congo - Brazzaville | 91.7 % | 2025 |
| 85e | 🇭🇳 Honduras | 91.5 % | 2025 |
| 86e | 🇸🇷 Suriname | 91 % | 2010 |
| 87e | 🇵🇷 Puerto Rico | 90.5 % | 2025 |
| 88e | 🇸🇻 El Salvador | 88.2 % | 2025 |
| 89e | 🇨🇩 Congo - Kinshasa | 87.3 % | 2025 |
| 90e | 🇵🇹 Portugal | 86.4 % | 2025 |
| 91e | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 86.4 % | 2025 |
| 92e | 🇬🇦 Gabon | 84.9 % | 2025 |
| 93e | 🇦🇫 Afghanistan | 83.8 % | 2024 |
| 94e | 🇵🇦 Panama | 83.7 % | 2024 |
| 95e | 🇬🇷 Greece | 83.5 % | 2025 |
| 96e | 🇫🇮 Finland | 83.4 % | 2025 |
| 97e | 🇮🇸 Iceland | 82.5 % | 2025 |
| 98e | 🇱🇧 Lebanon | 82.2 % | 2024 |
| 99e | 🇧🇲 Bermuda | 80.2 % | 2024 |
| 100e | 🇲🇽 Mexico | 79.9 % | 2025 |
| 101e | 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan | 79.8 % | 2025 |
| 102e | 🇦🇱 Albania | 79.5 % | 2025 |
| 103e | 🇧🇹 Bhutan | 79.4 % | 2024 |
| 104e | 🇧🇸 Bahamas | 79.2 % | 2024 |
| 105e | 🇳🇴 Norway | 79.1 % | 2025 |
| 106e | 🇩🇪 Germany | 78.5 % | 2025 |
| 107e | 🇹🇴 Tonga | 77.6 % | 2024 |
| 108e | 🇺🇦 Ukraine | 77.2 % | 2025 |
| 109e | 🇮🇶 Iraq | 77.1 % | 2024 |
| 110e | 🇵🇾 Paraguay | 76.5 % | 2025 |
| 111e | 🇷🇴 Romania | 76.2 % | 2025 |
| 112e | 🇱🇦 Laos | 75.1 % | 2016 |
| 113e | 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea | 74.9 % | 2025 |
| 114e | 🇻🇺 Vanuatu | 73.4 % | 2024 |
| 115e | 🇬🇺 Guam | 71.9 % | 2022 |
| 116e | 🇨🇷 Costa Rica | 71.5 % | 2025 |
| 117e | 🇸🇳 Senegal | 71.1 % | 2025 |
| 118e | 🇼🇸 Samoa | 70.6 % | 2025 |
| 119e | 🇧🇼 Botswana | 69.5 % | 2025 |
| 120e | 🇪🇸 Spain | 69.5 % | 2025 |
| 121e | 🇬🇭 Ghana | 69 % | 2024 |
| 122e | 🇫🇷 France | 67.2 % | 2025 |
| 123e | 🇵🇭 Philippines | 66.8 % | 2025 |
| 124e | 🇧🇫 Burkina Faso | 65 % | 2025 |
| 125e | 🇨🇱 Chile | 65 % | 2025 |
| 126e | 🇵🇫 French Polynesia | 64.5 % | 2024 |
| 127e | 🇨🇦 Canada | 63.5 % | 2025 |
| 128e | 🇿🇲 Zambia | 62.5 % | 2024 |
| 129e | 🇮🇹 Italy | 62.5 % | 2025 |
| 130e | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | 62.5 % | 2025 |
| 131e | 🇬🇲 Gambia | 62.2 % | 2025 |
| 132e | 🇿🇦 South Africa | 60.9 % | 2025 |
| 133e | 🇮🇷 Iran | 60.2 % | 2025 |
| 134e | 🇹🇬 Togo | 59.9 % | 2023 |
| 135e | 🇪🇨 Ecuador | 59.4 % | 2025 |
| 136e | 🇹🇯 Tajikistan | 59.1 % | 2024 |
| 137e | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | 57.9 % | 2025 |
| 138e | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | 57.4 % | 2025 |
| 139e | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 57.2 % | 2024 |
| 140e | 🇷🇼 Rwanda | 56.7 % | 2025 |
| 141e | 🇾🇪 Yemen | 56.1 % | 2018 |
| 142e | 🇨🇮 Côte d’Ivoire | 54.6 % | 2025 |
| 143e | 🇲🇬 Madagascar | 54.2 % | 2025 |
| 144e | 🇮🇱 Israel | 53 % | 2025 |
| 145e | 🇨🇫 Central African Republic | 52.9 % | 2025 |
| 146e | 🇵🇪 Peru | 51.8 % | 2025 |
| 147e | 🇩🇴 Dominican Republic | 51.5 % | 2025 |
| 148e | 🇪🇬 Egypt | 51.3 % | 2025 |
| 149e | 🇳🇿 New Zealand | 50.7 % | 2024 |
| 150e | 🇺🇬 Uganda | 50.2 % | 2025 |
| 151e | 🇹🇷 Türkiye | 49.9 % | 2025 |
| 152e | 🇺🇾 Uruguay | 49.7 % | 2025 |
| 153e | 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone | 49.1 % | 2025 |
| 154e | 🇲🇱 Mali | 48.8 % | 2025 |
| 155e | 🇪🇷 Eritrea | 47.4 % | 2011 |
| 156e | 🇧🇴 Bolivia | 47 % | 2024 |
| 157e | 🇸🇹 São Tomé & Príncipe | 46.6 % | 2025 |
| 158e | 🇬🇹 Guatemala | 46.5 % | 2025 |
| 159e | 🇮🇳 India | 46.3 % | 2025 |
| 160e | 🇹🇩 Chad | 46.1 % | 2025 |
| 161e | 🇦🇺 Australia | 45.9 % | 2025 |
| 162e | 🇯🇵 Japan | 44.9 % | 2024 |
| 163e | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | 43.4 % | 2025 |
| 164e | 🇳🇵 Nepal | 42.6 % | 2025 |
| 165e | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | 41.8 % | 2025 |
| 166e | 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | 41.5 % | 2024 |
| 167e | 🇰🇲 Comoros | 40.9 % | 2025 |
| 168e | 🇬🇼 Guinea-Bissau | 40.9 % | 2025 |
| 169e | 🇳🇨 New Caledonia | 40.4 % | 2024 |
| 170e | 🇲🇼 Malawi | 39.4 % | 2025 |
| 171e | 🇩🇿 Algeria | 39 % | 2025 |
| 172e | 🇹🇿 Tanzania | 39 % | 2025 |
| 173e | 🇨🇳 China | 38 % | 2025 |
| 174e | 🇰🇪 Kenya | 37.5 % | 2025 |
| 175e | 🇧🇯 Benin | 37.1 % | 2025 |
| 176e | 🇸🇾 Syria | 35.4 % | 2022 |
| 177e | 🇨🇴 Colombia | 35.4 % | 2025 |
| 178e | 🇧🇷 Brazil | 35.3 % | 2025 |
| 179e | 🇦🇴 Angola | 34.6 % | 2025 |
| 180e | 🇳🇪 Niger | 33.9 % | 2025 |
| 181e | 🇷🇺 Russia | 33.7 % | 2025 |
| 182e | 🇪🇹 Ethiopia | 33.5 % | 2025 |
| 183e | 🇨🇲 Cameroon | 33.4 % | 2025 |
| 184e | 🇦🇷 Argentina | 30.4 % | 2025 |
| 185e | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | 28.2 % | 2025 |
| 186e | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | 28 % | 2025 |
| 187e | 🇵🇰 Pakistan | 27.2 % | 2025 |
| 188e | 🇳🇬 Nigeria | 26.2 % | 1960 |
| 189e | 🇺🇸 United States | 25 % | 2024 |
| 190e | 🇻🇪 Venezuela | 25 % | 2025 |
| 191e | 🇭🇹 Haiti | 15.9 % | 2025 |
| 192e | 🇸🇩 Sudan | 2.4 % | 2025 |
Frequently asked questions
Which country has the highest value for "Trade openness"?
The highest value is in Hong Kong SAR China, at 396.6 % (2025).
Which country has the lowest value for "Trade openness"?
The lowest value is in Sudan, at 2.4 % (2025).
What is the world median value of "Trade openness"?
The world median is 82.9 %, calculated across 192 countries: half of the countries are above it, the other half below.
What is the value of "Trade openness" for France?
France scores 67.2 % (2025), ranking 122 out of 192 countries (ranked from highest to lowest).
Where does the "Trade openness" data come from?
It comes from Banque mondiale – Indicateurs du développement dans le monde (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). Site last updated: November 8, 2026. Each country is shown with the year of its most recent value.
How is trade openness calculated?
Exports and imports of goods and services are added together, then divided by GDP. The higher the result, the more foreign trade weighs in the country's activity.
Why can the indicator exceed 100%?
Because trade counts sales and purchases together, and products that are imported and then re-exported are counted twice. The total can therefore exceed the wealth produced in a year.
Source and update
Source : Banque mondiale – Indicateurs du développement dans le monde (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). Site last updated: November 8, 2026.
Indicators in the same category : Foreign Trade
- Exports of goods and servicesThe value of everything the country sells abroad (products and services), compared with its wealth.
- High-technology exportsThe share of highly technological products (computers, aircraft, medicines, precision instruments) in exports of manufactured goods.
- Merchandise exportsThe value of the goods and materials (cars, oil, clothing, wheat and so on) that the country sells abroad in one year.
- Services exportsThe value of services sold abroad: tourism, transport, finance, IT and so on.
- Imports of goods and servicesThe value of everything the country buys from abroad, compared with its wealth.
- Current account balanceThe balance of all the money flowing between the country and the rest of the world (trade, income, transfers), compared with its wealth.