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🇳🇱 Netherlands

With 18,087,633 inhabitants (2025), Netherlands ranks 71 out of 213 in the population ranking (Europe). GDP per capita – Netherlands: $73,684 /inh. (2025), ranking 16 out of 211. Economic growth is 1.8 % (2025). The unemployment rate is 3.9 % (2025). Annual inflation stands at 3.2 % (2025).

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Strengths and weaknesses

Strengths – Netherlands, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Births registered with civil authorities (1/178), Share of adults with the right to vote (1/173), Women's legal equality: access to employment (1/186).

Weaknesses – Netherlands, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Population living less than 5 m above sea level (208/212), Reserves in months of imports (161/177), Foreign direct investment inflows (168/201).

Regional comparison

Comparable countries

From closest to furthest. The proximity score (0 to 100) compares each country’s position across all the indicators they have in common: 100 = identical profiles.

All indicators

·
Wealth & Growth 9
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Net national income per capita$46,420 /inh.2021 11 of 184
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity$87,320 /inh.2025 13 of 201
GDP per capita$73,684 /inh.2025 16 of 211
Gross national income per capita (Atlas method)$68,530 /inh.2025 16 of 205
GDP$1.3T2025 18 of 211
GDP, purchasing power parity$1.6T2025 27 of 201
GDP per capita growth1.3 %2025 136 of 211
Natural resource rents0.3 %2021 142 of 211
GDP growth1.8 %2025 153 of 211
Prices, Inflation & Currency 5
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Inflation (consumer prices)3.2 %2025 99 of 191
Inflation (GDP deflator)3.3 %2025 106 of 210
Real interest rate0.4 %2013 120 of 146
Lending interest rate1.5 %2013 143 of 146
Official exchange rate0.89 LCU/$2025 180 of 211
Employment 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Employment in services84.5 %2025 6 of 184
Employment rate (ages 15 and over)64.6 %2025 39 of 184
Labor force participation rate (ages 15 and over)67.2 %2025 42 of 184
Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)8.8 %2025 58 of 184
Unemployment3.9 %2025 67 of 184
Self-employed workers16.8 %2025 136 of 184
Employment in industry13.8 %2025 151 of 184
Employment in agriculture1.7 %2025 162 of 184
Foreign Trade 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Merchandise exports$989.2B2025 4 of 205
Services exports$331.9B2025 9 of 198
Exports of goods and services80.7 %2025 17 of 192
Trade openness150.1 %2025 24 of 192
Current account balance7.6 %2025 26 of 198
High-technology exports23.5 %2024 27 of 185
Imports of goods and services69.5 %2025 38 of 192
Investment, Tourism & Aid 5
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
International tourism receipts$10.9B2020 22 of 201
International tourist arrivals7,265,000 arr.2020 29 of 202
Foreign direct investment inflows (amount)$4B2025 52 of 203
Migrant remittances received0.4 %2025 153 of 196
Foreign direct investment inflows0.3 %2025 168 of 201
Public finances 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Tax revenue25.3 %2024 14 of 161
Research and development spending2.3 %2023 16 of 155
Central government spending40 %2023 18 of 160
Government final consumption25.9 %2025 21 of 187
Share of income taxes in government revenue35.5 %2024 25 of 159
Budget balance-0.6 %2024 45 of 158
Military spending2.2 %2025 60 of 165
Central government debt54.2 %1994 60 of 109
Finance & Reserves 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Stock market capitalization129.7 %2017 13 of 101
Total reserves (including gold)$118.1B2025 28 of 180
Domestic credit to the private sector82.4 %2024 30 of 184
Reserves in months of imports1 months2025 161 of 177
Economic structure 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Services70.4 %2025 33 of 202
Gross savings27.7 %2025 55 of 178
Manufacturing10.1 %2025 99 of 201
Gross capital formation19.8 %2025 131 of 185
Industry (including construction)17.7 %2025 146 of 205
Agriculture, forestry and fishing1.7 %2025 155 of 203
Household final consumption43.1 %2025 169 of 189
Population & Vital Statistics 13
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Births registered with civil authorities100 %2022 1 of 178
Urban population95.9 %2025 14 of 213
Share of people aged 65 and over20.9 %2025 30 of 213
Median age of the population41.4 yrs2023 44 of 226
Population18,087,633 inhab.2025 71 of 213
Boys per 100 girls at birth105.3 per 100 girls2024 90 of 213
Age dependency ratio55.8 per 1002025 101 of 213
Number of men per 100 women98.8 per 100 women2025 102 of 213
Share of men in the population49.7 %2025 102 of 213
Adults with an official ID88.7 %2024 107 of 145
Share of women in the population50.3 %2025 112 of 213
Share of 15-64 year olds64.2 %2025 113 of 213
Share of 0-14 year olds14.9 %2025 178 of 213
Births, deaths and life expectancy 14
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Road traffic deaths4 per 100,0002019 20 of 188
Male life expectancy at birth80.6 yrs2024 26 of 213
Healthy life expectancy68.8 yrs2023 30 of 183
Under-5 mortality3.9 per 1,0002024 30 of 194
Infant mortality3.4 per 1,0002024 31 of 194
Life expectancy at birth82 yrs2024 36 of 213
Female life expectancy at birth83.4 yrs2024 43 of 213
Death rate9.6 per 1,0002024 46 of 213
Male suicide rate13 per 100,0002023 74 of 183
Suicide rate9.6 per 100,0002023 87 of 183
Population growth0.52 %2025 132 of 213
Female suicide rate6.3 per 100,0002023 135 of 183
Children per woman1.43 children/woman2024 166 of 213
Birth rate9.2 per 1,0002024 166 of 213
Health and healthcare system 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Access to basic drinking water100 %2024 1 of 211
Open defecation0 %2024 1 of 211
HIV prevalence0.1 %2023 1 of 152
Undernourishment2.5 %2024 1 of 167
Nurses and midwives11.67 per 1,0002022 15 of 196
Health expenditure10 %2024 27 of 191
New tuberculosis cases5 per 100,0002024 30 of 206
Physicians3.88 per 1,0002022 34 of 193
Share of health spending paid directly by patients11.8 %2024 35 of 191
Access to basic sanitation97.7 %2024 76 of 211
Hospital beds2.4 per 1,0002022 89 of 190
Measles vaccination89 %2024 103 of 191
Body and lifestyle 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Average height of men182.5 cm2014 1 of 198
Average height of women168.7 cm2014 2 of 198
Diabetes prevalence5 %2024 30 of 207
Obesity among adult women15.1 %2024 38 of 196
Alcohol consumption per capita8.6 L/person2024 53 of 202
Adult obesity14.7 %2024 53 of 196
Tobacco use among men23 %2024 63 of 165
Obesity among adult men14.2 %2024 68 of 196
Tobacco use20.5 %2024 90 of 165
Mean body mass index of men26 kg/m²2016 94 of 190
Tobacco use among women18 %2024 126 of 165
Mean body mass index of women25.1 kg/m²2016 127 of 190
Origins, languages and religions 15
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of the population: people with no religious affiliation54.1 %2020 8 of 192
Religious diversity (fractionalization index)0.722003 19 of 204
Share of the population: Jews0.2 %2020 19 of 192
Share of the population: other religions (including folk religions)4.2 %2020 23 of 192
Share of the population: Hindus0.6 %2020 33 of 192
Share of the population: Buddhists0.3 %2020 51 of 192
Share of immigrants in the population16.2 %2024 53 of 212
Frequent prayer23 %2022 68 of 80
Linguistic diversity (fractionalization index)0.512003 71 of 203
Share of the population: Muslims5.5 %2020 87 of 192
Regular attendance at places of worship14.3 %2022 97 of 112
Importance of religion in life26.9 %2022 109 of 114
Share of the population: Christians35.1 %2020 125 of 192
Ethnic diversity (fractionalization index)0.112003 168 of 205
Majority religionNo religious affiliation (over 50%)202010 countries out of 192 in the same category
Inequality 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Gini index25.72021 7 of 169
Income share of the poorest 20%9.4 %2021 13 of 169
Extreme poverty0.1 %2021 17 of 169
Income share of the richest 10%21.4 %2021 162 of 169
Territory & Borders 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Latitude of the country's center52.3 °2026 17 of 232
Population density534.4 inh./km²2024 19 of 212
Length of coastline451 km2026 108 of 227
Number of neighboring countries2 countries2026 108 of 223
Length of land borders1,053 km2026 122 of 230
Total area41,540 km²2024 131 of 212
Land area33,670 km²2024 133 of 212
Landlocked countryHas sea access2026183 countries out of 227 in the same category
Terrain, Water & Climate 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Average annual rainfall778 mm2022 108 of 180
Renewable fresh water per person621 m³/inh.2022 148 of 181
Average elevation30 m2026 160 of 166
Highest point862 m2026 170 of 229
Lowest point-7 m2026 205 of 228
Population living less than 5 m above sea level53.7 %2015 208 of 212
Land & Nature 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Arable land29.8 %2024 29 of 204
Agricultural land53.4 %2024 53 of 207
Protected land areas22.9 %2025 65 of 210
Forest cover11 %2024 165 of 210
Democracy & Elections 13
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of adults with the right to vote100 %2025 1 of 173
Free and fair elections index0.952025 9 of 173
Minimum voting age18 yrs2026 12 of 222
Egalitarian democracy index0.742025 13 of 173
Liberal democracy index0.772025 18 of 173
Electoral democracy index0.832025 20 of 173
Participatory democracy index0.552025 26 of 173
Civil society participation index0.832025 44 of 173
Core civil society index0.812025 73 of 173
Head of the executive chosen through multiparty electionsExecutive from multiparty elections2025141 countries out of 173 in the same category
Multiparty legislative electionsMultiparty legislative elections2025158 countries out of 167 in the same category
Multiparty national electionsMultiparty elections2025148 countries out of 167 in the same category
Political regimeLiberal democracy202531 countries out of 173 in the same category
Civil Liberties & Human Rights 9
Governance & Rule of Law 11
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Rule of law (WGI)1.672025 8 of 205
Voice and accountability (WGI)1.592025 8 of 203
Control of corruption (WGI)1.872025 9 of 205
Corruption Perceptions Index78 pts2024 9 of 179
Government effectiveness (WGI)1.742025 12 of 203
Political corruption index0.032025 12 of 173
Judicial constraints on the executive index0.952025 15 of 173
Absence of corruption in the judiciary2.332025 16 of 173
Rule of law index (V-Dem)0.972025 16 of 173
Regulatory quality (WGI)1.442025 16 of 203
Political stability and absence of violence (WGI)0.532025 79 of 205
Women's rights 17
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of women in parliament43.3 %2025 20 of 192
Women subjected to partner violence (past 12 months)7 %2012 25 of 106
Share of women among ministers28.6 %2025 56 of 192
Year women gained the right to vote1,9222025 161 of 189
Paid maternity leave98 days or more of paid leave2025121 countries out of 186 in the same category
Paid paternity leave14 days or more of paid leave202560 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to voteRight to vote granted to all women2025189 countries out of 194 in the same category
Women's right to take a job without permissionSame right as men2025168 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to travel abroadSame right as men2025171 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal inheritance between sons and daughtersEqual rights for sons and daughters2025146 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal pay for work of equal valueWritten into law202598 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal property ownership rightsEqual rights for men and women2025165 countries out of 186 in the same category
Ban on gender discrimination in employmentDiscrimination prohibited by law2025157 countries out of 186 in the same category
Femicide lawNo specific provision2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on sexual harassmentOne to three areas covered2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on domestic violenceLaw covering some forms of violence202538 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal quota for women on company boardsLower quota (under 40% or at least one woman)202525 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's Legal Equality (Indices) 11
LGBTQ+ rights 17
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
LGBT rights index (composite policy index)16.1 pts2025 14 of 194
Joint adoption by a same-sex coupleAllowed202538 countries out of 194 in the same category
Age of sexual consent: same-sex couplesSame as for different-sex couples2025120 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal change of gender markerPossible with a medical diagnosis202524 countries out of 194 in the same category
Anti-LGBT hate crimes: aggravating circumstanceSexual orientation only202519 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on incitement to anti-LGBT hatredProhibited202552 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on non-consensual surgeries on intersex childrenNot banned2025182 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on conversion therapiesNot banned2025169 countries out of 194 in the same category
Laws limiting public LGBT expression (“propaganda”)No restrictions2025149 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex marriage and civil unionLegal marriage202538 countries out of 194 in the same category
Death penalty for same-sex relationsNo death penalty provided for2025185 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection against employment discrimination (sexual orientation, gender identity)Sexual orientation and gender identity protected202552 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection from discrimination in goods and services (LGBT)Sexual orientation and gender identity protected202544 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection of sexual orientation and gender identity in the constitutionSexual orientation only20258 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal recognition of a third genderLegally recognized202519 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex sexual relationsLegal2025130 countries out of 194 in the same category
Gender-affirming care: coverage and restrictionsCovered for adults and minors202517 countries out of 194 in the same category
Justice and security 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Homicide rate0.7 per 100,0002023 24 of 192
United Nations Convention against TortureState party2026171 countries out of 202 in the same category
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)State party2026172 countries out of 202 in the same category
Rome Statute of the International Criminal CourtState party2026117 countries out of 202 in the same category
Legal status of the death penaltyAbolished for all crimes2026112 countries out of 195 in the same category
Legal status of cannabis (medical use)Allowed202645 countries out of 180 in the same category
Health and reproductive rights 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Births attended by skilled health personnel100 %2003 1 of 204
Abortion on request: maximum legal time limit24 wks2026 1 of 61
Use of modern contraceptives75.6 %1993 8 of 181
Adolescent birth rate1.7 per 1,0002024 13 of 213
Maternal mortality4 per 100,0002023 14 of 192
Abortion: grounds allowed by lawAllowed on request (within a time limit set by law)202667 countries out of 191 in the same category
Work and social rights 8
Family & Nationality 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Age of civil majority18 yrs2026 21 of 187
Years of residence required for naturalization5 yrs2026 66 of 152
Dual nationalityNot recognised202698 countries out of 191 in the same category
Women's right to be head of householdSame right as men2025157 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to divorceSame right as men2025142 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal framework on child marriageAt least one condition is missing2025141 countries out of 186 in the same category
Nationality acquired by birth on the territoryNot acquired automatically by birth in the country2026154 countries out of 192 in the same category
Wife's legal duty of obedience to her husbandNo duty of obedience in the law2025168 countries out of 186 in the same category
Civic duties 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Duration of compulsory schooling13 yrs2025 17 of 194
Age of entry into primary school6 yrs2025 33 of 207
Compulsory military serviceProvided for by law but suspended or not enforced20259 countries out of 134 in the same category
Compulsory votingVoluntary voting2026199 countries out of 226 in the same category

Frequently asked questions

How many people live in Netherlands?

Netherlands has about 18,087,633 inhabitants (2025), ranking 71 worldwide out of 213 countries.

What is the GDP per capita of Netherlands?

GDP per capita is $73,684 /inh. (2025): Netherlands ranks 16 out of 211 countries.

What is the inflation rate in Netherlands?

Annual inflation is 3.2 % (2025); Netherlands ranks 99 out of 191 (ranked from lowest to highest).

What is the unemployment rate in Netherlands?

The unemployment rate is 3.9 % (2025); Netherlands ranks 67 out of 184 (ranked from lowest to highest).

Where does Netherlands stand in its region (Europe)?

GDP per capita: Netherlands has $73,684 /inh., above the regional median (Europe: $38,002 /inh.).

Where do the figures on Netherlands come from?

The data comes from public sources (World Bank, CIA World Factbook…), cited on each indicator page, with the year of each value.

Rank is the position in the world ranking for each indicator (the ranking direction is given on the indicator's page). Sources and update dates are on each indicator's page.