Home › Indicators › Under-5 mortality
Under-5 mortality
What this indicator measures
Probability of dying before the age of 5, expressed per 1,000 live births (estimate from the UN Inter-agency Group).
How to read this?
A value of 10 means 10 children out of 1,000 live births die before reaching age 5.
Ranking : ranked from lowest to highest
Ctrl + scroll: zoom · drag: pan
194countries with data
115.6 per 1,000maximum · Nigeria
14.6 per 1,000median
1.3 per 1,000minimum · San Marino
2024data year(s)
In brief
Under-5 mortality: across 194 countries and territories, values range from 1.3 per 1,000 (San Marino) to 115.6 per 1,000 (Nigeria), with a world median of 14.6 per 1,000. Data: 2024. The top 10% of countries exceed 59.8 per 1,000, while the bottom 10% stay below 3.2 per 1,000. By continent, the median is highest in Africa (48.7 per 1,000) and lowest in Europe (3.7 per 1,000).
Median by continent
- Africa 48.7 per 1,000 (51)
- Oceania 19.6 per 1,000 (14)
- South America 13.6 per 1,000 (12)
- Asia 13.4 per 1,000 (46)
- North America 12.7 per 1,000 (25)
- Europe 3.7 per 1,000 (43)
Why this indicator matters
This figure measures the risk of dying in childhood. It reflects access to care, nutrition, vaccines and hygiene, and serves as a benchmark for global health goals.
What makes this indicator vary
It depends on infections, malnutrition, vaccination, safe drinking water, sanitation, malaria, mothers' health and the proximity of care.
Reading precautions
These are estimates modeled by a UN inter-agency group, with a higher margin of uncertainty where civil registration is incomplete.
Full ranking
ranked from lowest to highest
| Rank | Country | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1er | 🇸🇲 San Marino | 1.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 2e | 🇪🇪 Estonia | 2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 3e | 🇱🇺 Luxembourg | 2.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 4e | 🇧🇾 Belarus | 2.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 4e | 🇸🇮 Slovenia | 2.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 6e | 🇫🇮 Finland | 2.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 6e | 🇯🇵 Japan | 2.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 6e | 🇲🇪 Montenegro | 2.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 6e | 🇸🇪 Sweden | 2.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 10e | 🇦🇩 Andorra | 2.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 10e | 🇱🇻 Latvia | 2.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 10e | 🇳🇴 Norway | 2.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 13e | 🇨🇿 Czechia | 2.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 14e | 🇮🇹 Italy | 2.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 14e | 🇲🇨 Monaco | 2.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 14e | 🇸🇬 Singapore | 2.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 17e | 🇮🇸 Iceland | 2.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 17e | 🇰🇷 South Korea | 2.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 17e | 🇲🇰 North Macedonia | 2.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 20e | 🇪🇸 Spain | 3.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 20e | 🇵🇹 Portugal | 3.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 22e | 🇦🇹 Austria | 3.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 22e | 🇮🇱 Israel | 3.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 24e | 🇱🇹 Lithuania | 3.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 25e | 🇦🇺 Australia | 3.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 26e | 🇧🇪 Belgium | 3.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 26e | 🇩🇪 Germany | 3.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 26e | 🇭🇺 Hungary | 3.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 29e | 🇬🇷 Greece | 3.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 30e | 🇨🇭 Switzerland | 3.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 30e | 🇮🇪 Ireland | 3.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 30e | 🇳🇱 Netherlands | 3.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 33e | 🇩🇰 Denmark | 4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 34e | 🇵🇱 Poland | 4.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 35e | 🇫🇷 France | 4.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 36e | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | 4.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 36e | 🇳🇿 New Zealand | 4.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 36e | 🇹🇨 Turks & Caicos Islands | 4.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 39e | 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates | 4.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 40e | 🇨🇾 Cyprus | 5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 41e | 🇷🇺 Russia | 5.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 42e | 🇲🇹 Malta | 5.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 43e | 🇨🇦 Canada | 5.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 43e | 🇲🇻 Maldives | 5.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 43e | 🇷🇸 Serbia | 5.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 46e | 🇭🇷 Croatia | 5.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 47e | 🇧🇬 Bulgaria | 5.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 47e | 🇨🇳 China | 5.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 49e | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | 5.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 49e | 🇶🇦 Qatar | 5.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 51e | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | 6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 52e | 🇸🇰 Slovakia | 6.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 53e | 🇺🇸 United States | 6.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 54e | 🇨🇱 Chile | 6.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 55e | 🇧🇦 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 6.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 56e | 🇷🇴 Romania | 7.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 57e | 🇺🇾 Uruguay | 7.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 58e | 🇺🇦 Ukraine | 7.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 59e | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | 8.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 60e | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | 8.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 60e | 🇳🇷 Nauru | 8.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 62e | 🇨🇺 Cuba | 8.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 62e | 🇬🇪 Georgia | 8.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 64e | 🇽🇰 Kosovo | 8.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 65e | 🇧🇭 Bahrain | 8.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 66e | 🇹🇭 Thailand | 9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 67e | 🇦🇬 Antigua & Barbuda | 9.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 68e | 🇦🇱 Albania | 9.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 69e | 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan | 9.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 70e | 🇦🇷 Argentina | 9.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 70e | 🇹🇴 Tonga | 9.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 72e | 🇦🇲 Armenia | 9.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 72e | 🇹🇷 Türkiye | 9.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 74e | 🇧🇧 Barbados | 9.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 74e | 🇱🇾 Libya | 9.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 76e | 🇧🇳 Brunei | 9.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 77e | 🇸🇻 El Salvador | 10 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 78e | 🇴🇲 Oman | 10.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 79e | 🇨🇷 Costa Rica | 10.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 80e | 🇨🇻 Cape Verde | 11.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 81e | 🇳🇮 Nicaragua | 11.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 82e | 🇮🇷 Iran | 11.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 82e | 🇻🇨 St. Vincent & Grenadines | 11.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 84e | 🇨🇴 Colombia | 11.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 85e | 🇹🇳 Tunisia | 12.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 86e | 🇧🇸 Bahamas | 12.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 86e | 🇻🇬 British Virgin Islands | 12.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 88e | 🇧🇿 Belize | 12.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 89e | 🇪🇨 Ecuador | 12.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 89e | 🇯🇴 Jordan | 12.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 89e | 🇵🇪 Peru | 12.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 92e | 🇲🇽 Mexico | 13.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 93e | 🇲🇳 Mongolia | 13.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 93e | 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan | 13.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 95e | 🇸🇹 São Tomé & Príncipe | 13.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 96e | 🇸🇨 Seychelles | 14 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 97e | 🇧🇷 Brazil | 14.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 98e | 🇼🇸 Samoa | 14.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 99e | 🇭🇳 Honduras | 15 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 100e | 🇵🇦 Panama | 15.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 101e | 🇲🇺 Mauritius | 15.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 102e | 🇧🇴 Bolivia | 15.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 102e | 🇲🇦 Morocco | 15.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 104e | 🇸🇷 Suriname | 15.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 105e | 🇰🇳 St. Kitts & Nevis | 15.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 106e | 🇵🇾 Paraguay | 16.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 107e | 🇲🇩 Moldova | 16.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 108e | 🇰🇵 North Korea | 16.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 109e | 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan | 16.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 110e | 🇻🇺 Vanuatu | 17.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 111e | 🇧🇹 Bhutan | 17.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 111e | 🇱🇨 St. Lucia | 17.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 113e | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | 17.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 114e | 🇱🇧 Lebanon | 17.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 115e | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | 17.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 116e | 🇯🇲 Jamaica | 17.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 117e | 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan | 17.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 118e | 🇬🇩 Grenada | 18 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 119e | 🇰🇭 Cambodia | 18.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 119e | 🇸🇾 Syria | 18.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 121e | 🇹🇹 Trinidad & Tobago | 18.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 122e | 🇹🇻 Tuvalu | 19.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 123e | 🇸🇧 Solomon Islands | 20 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 124e | 🇬🇹 Guatemala | 20.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 125e | 🇵🇼 Palau | 21.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 126e | 🇩🇿 Algeria | 21.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 127e | 🇮🇶 Iraq | 21.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 128e | 🇪🇬 Egypt | 22.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 128e | 🇫🇲 Micronesia | 22.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 130e | 🇻🇪 Venezuela | 24.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 131e | 🇳🇵 Nepal | 25.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 132e | 🇬🇾 Guyana | 25.2 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 133e | 🇵🇭 Philippines | 26.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 134e | 🇮🇳 India | 26.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 135e | 🇲🇭 Marshall Islands | 26.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 136e | 🇹🇯 Tajikistan | 28.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 137e | 🇫🇯 Fiji | 29.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 138e | 🇱🇦 Laos | 29.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 139e | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | 30.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 140e | 🇩🇴 Dominican Republic | 30.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 141e | 🇬🇦 Gabon | 32.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 142e | 🇧🇼 Botswana | 33.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 143e | 🇪🇷 Eritrea | 34.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 144e | 🇿🇦 South Africa | 35.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 145e | 🇩🇲 Dominica | 35.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 146e | 🇬🇭 Ghana | 35.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 147e | 🇸🇳 Senegal | 36.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 148e | 🇲🇲 Myanmar (Burma) | 36.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 148e | 🇲🇷 Mauritania | 36.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 150e | 🇹🇿 Tanzania | 37 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 151e | 🇷🇼 Rwanda | 37.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 152e | 🇾🇪 Yemen | 38.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 153e | 🇰🇪 Kenya | 38.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 154e | 🇰🇲 Comoros | 39 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 154e | 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan | 39 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 156e | 🇨🇬 Congo - Brazzaville | 39.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 157e | 🇵🇬 Papua New Guinea | 39.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 158e | 🇳🇦 Namibia | 39.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 159e | 🇬🇲 Gambia | 42.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 160e | 🇪🇹 Ethiopia | 44.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 161e | 🇸🇿 Eswatini | 45.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 162e | 🇧🇮 Burundi | 47.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 163e | 🇹🇱 Timor-Leste | 47.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 164e | 🇿🇲 Zambia | 48.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 165e | 🇺🇬 Uganda | 48.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 166e | 🇲🇼 Malawi | 48.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 167e | 🇩🇯 Djibouti | 48.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 168e | 🇦🇴 Angola | 49 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 169e | 🇭🇹 Haiti | 52.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 170e | 🇦🇫 Afghanistan | 53 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 171e | 🇰🇮 Kiribati | 53.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 172e | 🇵🇰 Pakistan | 56 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 173e | 🇹🇬 Togo | 56.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 174e | 🇲🇿 Mozambique | 59.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 175e | 🇱🇸 Lesotho | 60 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 176e | 🇸🇩 Sudan | 61.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 177e | 🇲🇬 Madagascar | 62.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 178e | 🇨🇮 Côte d’Ivoire | 64.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 179e | 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | 64.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 180e | 🇨🇲 Cameroon | 64.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 181e | 🇬🇼 Guinea-Bissau | 67.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 182e | 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea | 68 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 183e | 🇲🇱 Mali | 73 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 184e | 🇧🇯 Benin | 74.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 185e | 🇧🇫 Burkina Faso | 74.9 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 186e | 🇱🇷 Liberia | 86.4 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 187e | 🇨🇫 Central African Republic | 89.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 187e | 🇨🇩 Congo - Kinshasa | 89.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 189e | 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone | 90.5 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 190e | 🇬🇳 Guinea | 92.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 191e | 🇹🇩 Chad | 97.3 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 192e | 🇸🇴 Somalia | 101.1 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 193e | 🇳🇪 Niger | 110.7 per 1,000 | 2024 |
| 194e | 🇳🇬 Nigeria | 115.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
Frequently asked questions
Which country has the highest value for "Under-5 mortality"?
The highest value is in Nigeria, at 115.6 per 1,000 (2024).
Which country has the lowest value for "Under-5 mortality"?
The lowest value is in San Marino, at 1.3 per 1,000 (2024).
What is the world median value of "Under-5 mortality"?
The world median is 14.6 per 1,000, calculated across 194 countries: half of the countries are above it, the other half below.
What is the value of "Under-5 mortality" for France?
France scores 4.3 per 1,000 (2024), ranking 35 out of 194 countries (ranked from lowest to highest).
Where does the "Under-5 mortality" data come from?
It comes from Banque mondiale (WDI), d'après UN IGME (UNICEF, OMS, Banque mondiale, ONU). Site last updated: November 8, 2026. Each country is shown with the year of its most recent value.
What does this rate mean?
It is the number of children who die before age 5 per 1,000 live births.
How does it differ from infant mortality?
Infant mortality concerns children under one year old. Under-5 mortality also covers the following years of early childhood.
Source and update
Source : Banque mondiale (WDI), d'après UN IGME (UNICEF, OMS, Banque mondiale, ONU). Site last updated: November 8, 2026.
Indicators in the same category : Births, deaths and life expectancy
- Birth rateNumber of live births in a year, per 1,000 inhabitants. It depends both on the number of children per woman and on the share of women of childbearing age.
- Death rateNumber of deaths in a year, per 1,000 inhabitants. This "crude" rate depends heavily on the age of the population: a very old country can have a high rate despite good care.
- Life expectancy at birthNumber of years a newborn would live on average if the risks of death at each age stayed those observed in the year in question. Both sexes are counted together.
- Female life expectancy at birthNumber of years a girl born this year would live on average if the risks of death at each age stayed those observed in the year in question.
- Male life expectancy at birthNumber of years a boy born this year would live on average if the risks of death at each age stayed those observed in the year in question.
- Healthy life expectancyNumber of years a newborn could expect to live in good health, that is, not counting years lived with a significant illness or disability. Both sexes are counted together (WHO estimate).
- Children per womanAverage number of children a woman would have over her lifetime if, at each age, she had the fertility observed that year (total fertility rate). About 2.1 keeps the population stable without migration.
- Population growthAnnual change in the total population, as a percentage. It combines births, deaths and migration. A negative value means the population is shrinking.
- Infant mortalityNumber of children who die before their first birthday, per 1,000 live births (estimate from the UN Inter-agency Group).
- Suicide rateNumber of suicide deaths in a year, per 100,000 inhabitants, age-adjusted to allow comparison between countries (WHO estimate). Both sexes are counted together.
- Female suicide rateNumber of suicide deaths among women in a year, per 100,000 women, age-adjusted to allow comparison between countries (WHO estimate).
- Male suicide rateNumber of suicide deaths among men in a year, per 100,000 men, age-adjusted to allow comparison between countries (WHO estimate).
- Road traffic deathsEstimated number of people killed in road accidents in a year, per 100,000 inhabitants. The figures are WHO estimates, not only deaths recorded by the police.