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🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia (Asia) has a population of 36,973,555 (2025), ranking 43 out of 213 countries by population. GDP per capita – Saudi Arabia: $34,537 /inh. (2025), ranking 49 out of 211. Economic growth is 4.5 % (2025). The unemployment rate is 3 % (2025). Annual inflation stands at 2 % (2025).

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Strengths and weaknesses

Strengths – Saudi Arabia, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Women's legal equality: pay and occupations (1/186), HIV prevalence (1/152), Undernourishment (1/167).

Weaknesses – Saudi Arabia, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Electoral democracy index (173/173), Share of adults with the right to vote (173/173), Participatory democracy index (172/173).

Regional comparison

Comparable countries

From closest to furthest. The proximity score (0 to 100) compares each country’s position across all the indicators they have in common: 100 = identical profiles.

All indicators

·
Wealth & Growth 9
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
GDP, purchasing power parity$2.7T2025 17 of 201
Natural resource rents25.6 %2021 18 of 211
GDP$1.3T2025 19 of 211
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity$73,784 /inh.2025 25 of 201
Net national income per capita$18,838 /inh.2020 37 of 184
Gross national income per capita (Atlas method)$36,070 /inh.2025 42 of 205
GDP per capita$34,537 /inh.2025 49 of 211
GDP growth4.5 %2025 64 of 211
GDP per capita growth-0.2 %2025 180 of 211
Prices, Inflation & Currency 5
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Inflation (GDP deflator)-2.6 %2025 12 of 210
Price of a Big Mac$5.062026 29 of 55
Inflation (consumer prices)2 %2025 63 of 191
Broad money supply (M3)65.1 %2017 71 of 164
Official exchange rate3.75 LCU/$2025 127 of 211
Employment 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Employment in services74.4 %2025 38 of 184
Unemployment3 %2025 41 of 184
Employment rate (ages 15 and over)63.1 %2025 48 of 184
Employment in industry23.1 %2025 56 of 184
Labor force participation rate (ages 15 and over)65.1 %2025 58 of 184
Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)10 %2025 71 of 184
Employment in agriculture2.5 %2025 152 of 184
Self-employed workers5.5 %2025 178 of 184
Foreign Trade 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Merchandise exports$310.7B2025 26 of 205
Services exports$66.9B2025 29 of 198
Current account balance-2.6 %2025 111 of 198
Exports of goods and services29.7 %2025 121 of 192
Trade openness57.9 %2025 137 of 192
Imports of goods and services28.2 %2025 150 of 192
High-technology exports0.5 %2024 169 of 185
Investment, Tourism & Aid 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
International tourist arrivals20,292,000 arr.2019 13 of 202
Foreign direct investment inflows (amount)$32.6B2025 18 of 203
International tourism receipts$6B2020 32 of 201
Foreign direct investment inflows2.6 %2025 82 of 201
Official development aid received-0 %2007 159 of 160
Migrant remittances received0 %2025 191 of 196
Public finances 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Military spending6.5 %2025 8 of 165
Government final consumption20.6 %2025 54 of 187
Research and development spending0.6 %2024 62 of 155
Budget balance-2.5 %2024 82 of 158
Central government spending24.2 %2023 91 of 160
Tax revenue8.1 %2024 142 of 161
Share of income taxes in government revenue2.5 %2024 155 of 159
Finance & Reserves 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Reserves in months of imports15.6 months2025 4 of 177
Stock market capitalization184.7 %2025 8 of 101
Total reserves (including gold)$505.2B2025 8 of 180
Domestic credit to the private sector50.1 %2017 77 of 184
Economic structure 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Industry (including construction)43 %2025 12 of 205
Gross capital formation31.6 %2025 27 of 185
Manufacturing15.8 %2025 38 of 201
Gross savings28.9 %2025 47 of 178
Agriculture, forestry and fishing2.6 %2025 141 of 203
Services48.9 %2025 149 of 202
Household final consumption46.2 %2025 162 of 189
Population & Vital Statistics 13
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Number of men per 100 women152.7 per 100 women2025 7 of 213
Share of men in the population60.4 %2025 7 of 213
Share of 15-64 year olds73.3 %2025 9 of 213
Adults with an official ID99.7 %2024 11 of 145
Population36,973,555 inhab.2025 43 of 213
Urban population84.6 %2025 45 of 213
Births registered with civil authorities99.2 %2018 72 of 178
Share of 0-14 year olds23.6 %2025 103 of 213
Boys per 100 girls at birth105.1 per 100 girls2024 104 of 213
Median age of the population29.2 yrs2023 130 of 226
Share of people aged 65 and over3.1 %2025 191 of 213
Age dependency ratio36.4 per 1002025 205 of 213
Share of women in the population39.6 %2025 207 of 213
Births, deaths and life expectancy 14
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Population growth4.63 %2025 2 of 213
Suicide rate2.2 per 100,0002023 9 of 183
Male suicide rate2.9 per 100,0002023 9 of 183
Female suicide rate1 per 100,0002023 12 of 183
Infant mortality4.7 per 1,0002024 46 of 194
Male life expectancy at birth77.3 yrs2024 51 of 213
Under-5 mortality6 per 1,0002024 51 of 194
Life expectancy at birth79 yrs2024 55 of 213
Healthy life expectancy66.5 yrs2023 55 of 183
Female life expectancy at birth81.3 yrs2024 65 of 213
Children per woman2.31 children/woman2024 82 of 213
Birth rate16.5 per 1,0002024 89 of 213
Road traffic deaths35.9 per 100,0002019 182 of 188
Death rate2.3 per 1,0002024 208 of 213
Health and healthcare system 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
HIV prevalence0.1 %2024 1 of 152
Undernourishment2.5 %2024 1 of 167
Measles vaccination96 %2024 46 of 191
Share of health spending paid directly by patients14.1 %2023 48 of 191
Physicians3.41 per 1,0002023 49 of 193
New tuberculosis cases8 per 100,0002024 52 of 206
Nurses and midwives6.56 per 1,0002023 53 of 196
Access to basic sanitation97.6 %2024 77 of 211
Access to basic drinking water99 %2024 81 of 211
Hospital beds2.4 per 1,0002023 91 of 190
Open defecation0.1 %2024 104 of 211
Health expenditure5.7 %2023 111 of 191
Body and lifestyle 13
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Average weight of women71.7 kg2005 8 of 48
Average weight of men77.3 kg2005 15 of 48
Mean body mass index of men28 kg/m²2016 19 of 190
Mean body mass index of women29.2 kg/m²2016 22 of 190
Tobacco use14.7 %2024 63 of 165
Tobacco use among women3.6 %2024 65 of 165
Tobacco use among men25.8 %2024 78 of 165
Average height of men167.7 cm2014 138 of 198
Average height of women155.9 cm2014 157 of 198
Obesity among adult women46.7 %2024 171 of 196
Adult obesity40.1 %2024 175 of 196
Obesity among adult men36.5 %2024 182 of 196
Diabetes prevalence23.1 %2024 201 of 207
Origins, languages and religions 14
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Importance of religion in life97.5 %2004 16 of 114
Share of the population: Hindus2.6 %2020 20 of 192
Share of immigrants in the population40.3 %2024 25 of 212
Share of the population: Muslims92.7 %2020 29 of 192
Regular attendance at places of worship44.2 %2004 47 of 112
Share of the population: Buddhists0.1 %2020 75 of 192
Share of the population: Jews0 %2020 94 of 192
Ethnic diversity (fractionalization index)0.182003 147 of 205
Linguistic diversity (fractionalization index)0.092003 152 of 203
Share of the population: Christians4.4 %2020 155 of 192
Share of the population: other religions (including folk religions)0.1 %2020 157 of 192
Share of the population: people with no religious affiliation0.1 %2020 158 of 192
Religious diversity (fractionalization index)0.132003 183 of 204
Majority religionMuslims (over 50%)202050 countries out of 192 in the same category
Territory & Borders 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Number of neighboring countries7 countries2026 11 of 223
Total area2,149,690 km²2024 12 of 212
Land area2,149,690 km²2024 12 of 212
Length of coastline2,640 km2026 43 of 227
Length of land borders4,272 km2026 46 of 230
Latitude of the country's center24.1 °2026 89 of 232
Population density16.4 inh./km²2024 192 of 212
Landlocked countryHas sea access2026183 countries out of 227 in the same category
Terrain, Water & Climate 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Lowest point0 m2026 39 of 228
Average elevation665 m2026 54 of 166
Highest point3,000 m2026 65 of 229
Population living less than 5 m above sea level3.2 %2015 109 of 212
Renewable fresh water per person75 m³/inh.2022 173 of 181
Average annual rainfall59 mm2022 178 of 180
Land & Nature 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Agricultural land81.7 %2024 6 of 207
Protected land areas18.5 %2025 96 of 210
Arable land2 %2024 167 of 204
Forest cover1.3 %2024 192 of 210
Democracy & Elections 11
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Minimum voting age18 yrs2026 12 of 222
Egalitarian democracy index0.112025 152 of 173
Core civil society index0.152025 153 of 173
Civil society participation index0.252025 155 of 173
Free and fair elections index02025 156 of 173
Liberal democracy index0.052025 160 of 173
Participatory democracy index0.032025 172 of 173
Electoral democracy index0.022025 173 of 173
Share of adults with the right to vote0 %2025 173 of 173
Head of the executive chosen through multiparty electionsExecutive not from multiparty elections202532 countries out of 173 in the same category
Political regimeClosed autocracy202532 countries out of 173 in the same category
Civil Liberties & Human Rights 9
Governance & Rule of Law 11
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Corruption Perceptions Index59 pts2024 39 of 179
Control of corruption (WGI)0.812025 47 of 205
Regulatory quality (WGI)0.672025 47 of 203
Government effectiveness (WGI)0.742025 56 of 203
Political corruption index0.332025 63 of 173
Absence of corruption in the judiciary0.572025 77 of 173
Rule of law (WGI)0.272025 84 of 205
Rule of law index (V-Dem)0.42025 105 of 173
Political stability and absence of violence (WGI)0.022025 117 of 205
Judicial constraints on the executive index0.292025 120 of 173
Voice and accountability (WGI)-1.732025 191 of 203
Women's rights 15
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of women in parliament19.9 %2025 127 of 192
Share of women among ministers0 %2025 184 of 192
Paid maternity leavePaid leave of less than 98 days202559 countries out of 186 in the same category
Paid paternity leavePaid leave of less than 14 days202561 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to voteRight to vote not granted to all women20255 countries out of 194 in the same category
Women's right to take a job without permissionSame right as men2025168 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to travel abroadOnly one point out of two202513 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal inheritance between sons and daughtersRights not equal202540 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal pay for work of equal valueWritten into law202598 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal property ownership rightsEqual rights for men and women2025165 countries out of 186 in the same category
Ban on gender discrimination in employmentDiscrimination prohibited by law2025157 countries out of 186 in the same category
Femicide lawNo specific provision2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on sexual harassmentOne to three areas covered2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on domestic violenceLaw covering some forms of violence202538 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal quota for women on company boardsNo mandatory quota2025147 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's Legal Equality (Indices) 11
LGBTQ+ rights 17
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
LGBT rights index (composite policy index)-4.3 pts2025 192 of 194
Joint adoption by a same-sex coupleNot allowed2025155 countries out of 194 in the same category
Age of sexual consent: same-sex couplesNo legal provision202561 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal change of gender markerNot legally possible2025125 countries out of 194 in the same category
Anti-LGBT hate crimes: aggravating circumstanceNot covered2025126 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on incitement to anti-LGBT hatredNot prohibited2025141 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on non-consensual surgeries on intersex childrenNot banned2025182 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on conversion therapiesNot banned2025169 countries out of 194 in the same category
Laws limiting public LGBT expression (“propaganda”)Restrictions provided by law202543 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex marriage and civil unionMarriage defined as the union of a man and a woman202598 countries out of 194 in the same category
Death penalty for same-sex relationsDeath penalty provided for20258 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection against employment discrimination (sexual orientation, gender identity)No protection2025107 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection from discrimination in goods and services (LGBT)No protection2025125 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection of sexual orientation and gender identity in the constitutionNot mentioned2025180 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal recognition of a third genderNot recognized2025174 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex sexual relationsCriminalized202561 countries out of 194 in the same category
Gender-affirming care: coverage and restrictionsRestricted for adults and minors202510 countries out of 194 in the same category
Justice and security 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Homicide rate0.9 per 100,0002019 41 of 192
United Nations Convention against TortureState party2026171 countries out of 202 in the same category
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)Neither party nor signatory202630 countries out of 202 in the same category
Civilian access to handgunsAllowed at the discretion of the authorities202626 countries out of 113 in the same category
Rome Statute of the International Criminal CourtNeither party nor signatory202652 countries out of 202 in the same category
Legal status of the death penaltyRetained and applied202653 countries out of 195 in the same category
Legal status of cannabis (medical use)Prohibited2026126 countries out of 180 in the same category
Legal status of cannabis (recreational use)Prohibited2026144 countries out of 194 in the same category
Health and reproductive rights 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Maternal mortality7 per 100,0002023 34 of 192
Adolescent birth rate11.1 per 1,0002024 65 of 213
Unmet need for contraception21.4 %2023 98 of 150
Use of modern contraceptives32.9 %2023 118 of 181
Births attended by skilled health personnel94.8 %2019 134 of 204
Abortion: grounds allowed by lawAllowed for health reasons, rape or fetal impairment202670 countries out of 191 in the same category
Work and social rights 6
Family & Nationality 10
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Women married before age 183.4 %2024 17 of 144
Age of civil majority18 yrs2026 21 of 187
Years of residence required for naturalization5 yrs2026 66 of 152
Dual nationalityNot recognised202698 countries out of 191 in the same category
Women's right to be head of householdSame right as men2025157 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to divorceRight not identical202544 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal framework on child marriageAt least one condition is missing2025141 countries out of 186 in the same category
Nationality acquired by birth on the territoryNot acquired automatically by birth in the country2026154 countries out of 192 in the same category
Wife's legal duty of obedience to her husbandDuty of obedience in the law202518 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal status of polygamyPolygamy recognized by law202645 countries out of 167 in the same category
Civic duties 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Age of entry into primary school6 yrs2025 33 of 207
Duration of compulsory schooling9 yrs2025 113 of 194
Compulsory military serviceNo compulsory military service202564 countries out of 134 in the same category
Compulsory votingVoluntary voting2026199 countries out of 226 in the same category

Frequently asked questions

How many people live in Saudi Arabia?

Saudi Arabia has about 36,973,555 inhabitants (2025), ranking 43 worldwide out of 213 countries.

What is the GDP per capita of Saudi Arabia?

GDP per capita is $34,537 /inh. (2025): Saudi Arabia ranks 49 out of 211 countries.

What is the inflation rate in Saudi Arabia?

Annual inflation is 2 % (2025); Saudi Arabia ranks 63 out of 191 (ranked from lowest to highest).

What is the unemployment rate in Saudi Arabia?

The unemployment rate is 3 % (2025); Saudi Arabia ranks 41 out of 184 (ranked from lowest to highest).

Where does Saudi Arabia stand in its region (Asia)?

GDP per capita: Saudi Arabia has $34,537 /inh., above the regional median (Asia: $6,540 /inh.).

Where do the figures on Saudi Arabia come from?

The data comes from public sources (World Bank, CIA World Factbook…), cited on each indicator page, with the year of each value.

Rank is the position in the world ranking for each indicator (the ranking direction is given on the indicator's page). Sources and update dates are on each indicator's page.