🇪🇪 Estonia
Estonia (Europe) has a population of 1,366,475 (2025), ranking 155 out of 213 countries by population. GDP per capita – Estonia: $34,418 /inh. (2025), ranking 50 out of 211. Economic growth is 0.6 % (2025). The unemployment rate is 8.3 % (2025). Annual inflation stands at 4.8 % (2025).
Ctrl + scroll: zoom · drag: pan
Compare with other countries →
Strengths and weaknesses
Strengths – Estonia, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Births registered with civil authorities (1/178), Share of adults with the right to vote (1/173), Human rights index (V-Dem) (1/173).
Weaknesses – Estonia, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Foreign direct investment inflows (193/201), Foreign direct investment inflows (amount) (194/203), Reserves in months of imports (167/177).
Regional comparison
- GDP per capita: Estonia has $34,418 /inh., close to the regional median (Europe: $38,002 /inh.).
- Unemployment: Estonia has 8.3 %, above the regional median (Europe: 5.6 %).
- Inflation (consumer prices): Estonia has 4.8 %, above the regional median (Europe: 3.5 %).
- GDP growth: Estonia has 0.6 %, below the regional median (Europe: 1.7 %).
Comparable countries
From closest to furthest. The proximity score (0 to 100) compares each country’s position across all the indicators they have in common: 100 = identical profiles.
- 1🇱🇻Latvia248 indicators compared67/100
- 2🇱🇹Lithuania247 indicators compared62/100
- 3🇫🇮Finland241 indicators compared59/100
- 4🇧🇪Belgium246 indicators compared55/100
- 5🇦🇹Austria243 indicators compared55/100
- 6🇸🇮Slovenia245 indicators compared53/100
- 7🇨🇿Czechia248 indicators compared52/100
- 8🇸🇪Sweden244 indicators compared52/100
- 9🇳🇱Netherlands246 indicators compared48/100
- 10🇭🇷Croatia245 indicators compared48/100
- 11🇳🇴Norway241 indicators compared48/100
- 12🇩🇰Denmark242 indicators compared47/100
All indicators
·Wealth & Growth 9
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net national income per capita | $22,462 /inh. | 2021 | 33 of 184 |
| Gross national income per capita (Atlas method) | $32,310 /inh. | 2025 | 48 of 205 |
| GDP per capita, purchasing power parity | $52,106 /inh. | 2025 | 49 of 201 |
| GDP per capita | $34,418 /inh. | 2025 | 50 of 211 |
| GDP | $47B | 2025 | 103 of 211 |
| Natural resource rents | 1.7 % | 2021 | 104 of 211 |
| GDP, purchasing power parity | $71.2B | 2025 | 120 of 201 |
| GDP per capita growth | 1 % | 2025 | 144 of 211 |
| GDP growth | 0.6 % | 2025 | 185 of 211 |
Prices, Inflation & Currency 3
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation (GDP deflator) | 3.8 % | 2025 | 124 of 210 |
| Inflation (consumer prices) | 4.8 % | 2025 | 146 of 191 |
| Official exchange rate | 0.89 LCU/$ | 2025 | 180 of 211 |
Employment 8
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Employment in industry | 26 % | 2025 | 35 of 184 |
| Employment in services | 71 % | 2025 | 57 of 184 |
| Labor force participation rate (ages 15 and over) | 65.1 % | 2025 | 57 of 184 |
| Employment rate (ages 15 and over) | 59.7 % | 2025 | 77 of 184 |
| Unemployment | 8.3 % | 2025 | 134 of 184 |
| Youth unemployment (ages 15-24) | 19.7 % | 2025 | 134 of 184 |
| Employment in agriculture | 3 % | 2025 | 146 of 184 |
| Self-employed workers | 12.1 % | 2025 | 159 of 184 |
Foreign Trade 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trade openness | 155.8 % | 2025 | 19 of 192 |
| Exports of goods and services | 78.4 % | 2025 | 20 of 192 |
| Imports of goods and services | 77.4 % | 2025 | 28 of 192 |
| High-technology exports | 18.4 % | 2024 | 39 of 185 |
| Services exports | $15.7B | 2025 | 60 of 198 |
| Current account balance | 0.4 % | 2025 | 75 of 198 |
| Merchandise exports | $21B | 2025 | 81 of 205 |
Investment, Tourism & Aid 5
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| International tourist arrivals | 1,695,000 arr. | 2020 | 76 of 202 |
| International tourism receipts | $865M | 2020 | 89 of 201 |
| Migrant remittances received | 1.1 % | 2025 | 126 of 196 |
| Foreign direct investment inflows | -2.2 % | 2025 | 193 of 201 |
| Foreign direct investment inflows (amount) | -$1B | 2025 | 194 of 203 |
Public finances 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Research and development spending | 1.8 % | 2023 | 21 of 155 |
| Military spending | 3.4 % | 2025 | 23 of 165 |
| Central government spending | 37.7 % | 2023 | 25 of 160 |
| Tax revenue | 22.7 % | 2024 | 34 of 161 |
| Government final consumption | 21.5 % | 2025 | 44 of 187 |
| Budget balance | -1.3 % | 2024 | 57 of 158 |
| Share of income taxes in government revenue | 22.3 % | 2024 | 84 of 159 |
Finance & Reserves 3
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic credit to the private sector | 60.5 % | 2024 | 54 of 184 |
| Total reserves (including gold) | $2.4B | 2025 | 127 of 180 |
| Reserves in months of imports | 0.7 months | 2025 | 167 of 177 |
Economic structure 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Services | 65.8 % | 2025 | 51 of 202 |
| Gross savings | 24.7 % | 2025 | 69 of 178 |
| Gross capital formation | 24.8 % | 2025 | 74 of 185 |
| Manufacturing | 10.8 % | 2025 | 91 of 201 |
| Industry (including construction) | 19.7 % | 2025 | 131 of 205 |
| Household final consumption | 52.7 % | 2025 | 138 of 189 |
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 1.6 % | 2025 | 157 of 203 |
Population & Vital Statistics 13
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Births registered with civil authorities | 100 % | 2022 | 1 of 178 |
| Share of women in the population | 52.4 % | 2025 | 19 of 213 |
| Share of people aged 65 and over | 21.8 % | 2025 | 21 of 213 |
| Median age of the population | 41.9 yrs | 2023 | 37 of 226 |
| Adults with an official ID | 98 % | 2021 | 47 of 145 |
| Boys per 100 girls at birth | 106.1 per 100 girls | 2024 | 52 of 213 |
| Age dependency ratio | 58.9 per 100 | 2025 | 78 of 213 |
| Urban population | 70.7 % | 2025 | 84 of 213 |
| Share of 15-64 year olds | 62.9 % | 2025 | 136 of 213 |
| Population | 1,366,475 inhab. | 2025 | 155 of 213 |
| Share of 0-14 year olds | 15.3 % | 2025 | 172 of 213 |
| Number of men per 100 women | 90.8 per 100 women | 2025 | 195 of 213 |
| Share of men in the population | 47.6 % | 2025 | 195 of 213 |
Births, deaths and life expectancy 14
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Under-5 mortality | 2 per 1,000 | 2024 | 2 of 194 |
| Infant mortality | 1.5 per 1,000 | 2024 | 2 of 194 |
| Death rate | 11.5 per 1,000 | 2024 | 22 of 213 |
| Road traffic deaths | 4.5 per 100,000 | 2019 | 23 of 188 |
| Female life expectancy at birth | 83.7 yrs | 2024 | 39 of 213 |
| Healthy life expectancy | 67.8 yrs | 2023 | 40 of 183 |
| Life expectancy at birth | 79.3 yrs | 2024 | 54 of 213 |
| Male life expectancy at birth | 75.1 yrs | 2024 | 70 of 213 |
| Male suicide rate | 22.6 per 100,000 | 2023 | 122 of 183 |
| Suicide rate | 14 per 100,000 | 2023 | 123 of 183 |
| Female suicide rate | 7.4 per 100,000 | 2023 | 155 of 183 |
| Population growth | -0.43 % | 2025 | 192 of 213 |
| Children per woman | 1.18 children/woman | 2024 | 196 of 213 |
| Birth rate | 7.1 per 1,000 | 2024 | 197 of 213 |
Health and healthcare system 12
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access to basic drinking water | 100 % | 2024 | 1 of 211 |
| Open defecation | 0 % | 2024 | 1 of 211 |
| Undernourishment | 2.5 % | 2024 | 1 of 167 |
| Hospital beds | 4.1 per 1,000 | 2023 | 38 of 190 |
| Physicians | 3.47 per 1,000 | 2022 | 47 of 193 |
| Nurses and midwives | 6.66 per 1,000 | 2023 | 48 of 196 |
| New tuberculosis cases | 8 per 100,000 | 2024 | 50 of 206 |
| Access to basic sanitation | 99 % | 2024 | 52 of 211 |
| Health expenditure | 7.8 % | 2024 | 63 of 191 |
| Share of health spending paid directly by patients | 21.4 % | 2024 | 71 of 191 |
| HIV prevalence | 0.7 % | 2024 | 98 of 152 |
| Measles vaccination | 83 % | 2024 | 133 of 191 |
Body and lifestyle 14
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average height of women | 168.7 cm | 2014 | 2 of 198 |
| Average height of men | 181.6 cm | 2014 | 3 of 198 |
| Average weight of women | 71.2 kg | 2010 | 9 of 48 |
| Average weight of men | 84.4 kg | 2010 | 9 of 48 |
| Alcohol consumption per capita | 10.4 L/person | 2024 | 34 of 202 |
| Mean body mass index of men | 26.9 kg/m² | 2016 | 59 of 190 |
| Diabetes prevalence | 6.9 % | 2024 | 60 of 207 |
| Obesity among adult women | 20 % | 2024 | 72 of 196 |
| Adult obesity | 20.3 % | 2024 | 78 of 196 |
| Tobacco use among men | 30.9 % | 2024 | 94 of 165 |
| Obesity among adult men | 20.1 % | 2024 | 103 of 196 |
| Mean body mass index of women | 25.9 kg/m² | 2016 | 107 of 190 |
| Tobacco use | 26.1 % | 2024 | 124 of 165 |
| Tobacco use among women | 21.4 % | 2024 | 140 of 165 |
Origins, languages and religions 15
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Share of the population: people with no religious affiliation | 43.6 % | 2020 | 12 of 192 |
| Share of the population: Jews | 0.1 % | 2020 | 22 of 192 |
| Share of the population: other religions (including folk religions) | 2.8 % | 2020 | 40 of 192 |
| Share of immigrants in the population | 14.9 % | 2024 | 55 of 212 |
| Share of the population: Buddhists | 0.2 % | 2020 | 58 of 192 |
| Share of the population: Hindus | 0.1 % | 2020 | 73 of 192 |
| Linguistic diversity (fractionalization index) | 0.49 | 2003 | 75 of 203 |
| Frequent prayer | 12.4 % | 2014 | 78 of 80 |
| Ethnic diversity (fractionalization index) | 0.51 | 2003 | 83 of 205 |
| Religious diversity (fractionalization index) | 0.5 | 2003 | 94 of 204 |
| Regular attendance at places of worship | 8 % | 2022 | 110 of 112 |
| Importance of religion in life | 22.9 % | 2022 | 110 of 114 |
| Share of the population: Christians | 52.6 % | 2020 | 113 of 192 |
| Share of the population: Muslims | 0.6 % | 2020 | 124 of 192 |
| Majority religion | Christians (over 50%) | 2020 | 114 countries out of 192 in the same category |
Inequality 4
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Extreme poverty | 0.3 % | 2023 | 33 of 169 |
| Income share of the poorest 20% | 8.3 % | 2023 | 38 of 169 |
| Gini index | 30.7 | 2023 | 39 of 169 |
| Income share of the richest 10% | 23.7 % | 2023 | 140 of 169 |
Territory & Borders 8
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Latitude of the country's center | 58.7 ° | 2026 | 8 of 232 |
| Length of coastline | 3,794 km | 2026 | 31 of 227 |
| Number of neighboring countries | 2 countries | 2026 | 108 of 223 |
| Total area | 45,340 km² | 2024 | 129 of 212 |
| Land area | 42,730 km² | 2024 | 129 of 212 |
| Length of land borders | 657 km | 2026 | 133 of 230 |
| Population density | 32.1 inh./km² | 2024 | 166 of 212 |
| Landlocked country | Has sea access | 2026 | 183 countries out of 227 in the same category |
Terrain, Water & Climate 6
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lowest point | 0 m | 2026 | 39 of 228 |
| Renewable fresh water per person | 9,423 m³/inh. | 2022 | 48 of 181 |
| Population living less than 5 m above sea level | 2.6 % | 2015 | 101 of 212 |
| Average annual rainfall | 626 mm | 2022 | 126 of 180 |
| Average elevation | 61 m | 2026 | 157 of 166 |
| Highest point | 318 m | 2026 | 198 of 229 |
Land & Nature 4
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest cover | 57.2 % | 2024 | 40 of 210 |
| Arable land | 16.5 % | 2024 | 66 of 204 |
| Protected land areas | 21.6 % | 2025 | 78 of 210 |
| Agricultural land | 23 % | 2024 | 140 of 207 |
Democracy & Elections 13
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Share of adults with the right to vote | 100 % | 2025 | 1 of 173 |
| Egalitarian democracy index | 0.81 | 2025 | 5 of 173 |
| Electoral democracy index | 0.89 | 2025 | 5 of 173 |
| Liberal democracy index | 0.84 | 2025 | 5 of 173 |
| Core civil society index | 0.96 | 2025 | 7 of 173 |
| Participatory democracy index | 0.62 | 2025 | 9 of 173 |
| Free and fair elections index | 0.95 | 2025 | 11 of 173 |
| Minimum voting age | 18 yrs | 2026 | 12 of 222 |
| Civil society participation index | 0.89 | 2025 | 24 of 173 |
| Head of the executive chosen through multiparty elections | Executive from multiparty elections | 2025 | 141 countries out of 173 in the same category |
| Multiparty legislative elections | Multiparty legislative elections | 2025 | 158 countries out of 167 in the same category |
| Multiparty national elections | Multiparty elections | 2025 | 148 countries out of 167 in the same category |
| Political regime | Liberal democracy | 2025 | 31 countries out of 173 in the same category |
Civil Liberties & Human Rights 9
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human rights index (V-Dem) | 0.96 | 2025 | 1 of 173 |
| Academic freedom index | 0.97 | 2025 | 2 of 173 |
| Private civil liberties index | 0.95 | 2025 | 2 of 173 |
| Freedom of expression index | 0.97 | 2025 | 3 of 173 |
| Political civil liberties index | 0.97 | 2025 | 4 of 173 |
| Index of individual liberties and equality before the law | 0.98 | 2025 | 7 of 173 |
| Freedom of association index | 0.91 | 2025 | 11 of 173 |
| Protection from physical violence by the state (V-Dem) | 0.98 | 2025 | 11 of 174 |
| Equality of civil liberties across social groups | 1.57 | 2025 | 49 of 173 |
Governance & Rule of Law 11
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judicial constraints on the executive index | 0.97 | 2025 | 6 of 173 |
| Rule of law index (V-Dem) | 0.99 | 2025 | 8 of 173 |
| Political corruption index | 0.03 | 2025 | 9 of 173 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index | 76 pts | 2024 | 13 of 179 |
| Absence of corruption in the judiciary | 2.47 | 2025 | 14 of 173 |
| Control of corruption (WGI) | 1.64 | 2025 | 14 of 205 |
| Voice and accountability (WGI) | 1.34 | 2025 | 17 of 203 |
| Regulatory quality (WGI) | 1.37 | 2025 | 18 of 203 |
| Government effectiveness (WGI) | 1.5 | 2025 | 21 of 203 |
| Rule of law (WGI) | 1.43 | 2025 | 22 of 205 |
| Political stability and absence of violence (WGI) | 0.89 | 2025 | 51 of 205 |
Women's rights 17
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women subjected to partner violence (past 12 months) | 4 % | 2012 | 8 of 106 |
| Share of women among ministers | 36.4 % | 2025 | 33 of 192 |
| Share of women in parliament | 28.7 % | 2025 | 84 of 192 |
| Year women gained the right to vote | 1,917 | 2025 | 175 of 189 |
| Paid maternity leave | 98 days or more of paid leave | 2025 | 121 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Paid paternity leave | 14 days or more of paid leave | 2025 | 60 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Women's right to vote | Right to vote granted to all women | 2025 | 189 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Women's right to take a job without permission | Same right as men | 2025 | 168 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Women's right to travel abroad | Same right as men | 2025 | 171 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Equal inheritance between sons and daughters | Equal rights for sons and daughters | 2025 | 146 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Equal pay for work of equal value | Written into law | 2025 | 98 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Equal property ownership rights | Equal rights for men and women | 2025 | 165 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Ban on gender discrimination in employment | Discrimination prohibited by law | 2025 | 157 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Femicide law | No specific provision | 2025 | 151 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Law on sexual harassment | One to three areas covered | 2025 | 151 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Law on domestic violence | No law meeting these criteria | 2025 | 55 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Legal quota for women on company boards | Mandatory quota of 40% or more | 2025 | 14 countries out of 186 in the same category |
Women's Legal Equality (Indices) 11
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women's legal equality: property and inheritance | 100 /100 | 2025 | 1 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: parental leave and pregnancy | 100 /100 | 2025 | 1 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: marriage | 100 /100 | 2025 | 1 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: mobility | 100 /100 | 2025 | 1 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: pay and occupations | 100 /100 | 2025 | 1 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: entrepreneurship | 75 /100 | 2025 | 12 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: retirement | 91.8 /100 | 2025 | 27 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: overall index | 86.3 /100 | 2025 | 31 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: access to employment | 91.8 /100 | 2025 | 34 of 186 |
| Women's legal equality: childcare | 91.8 /100 | 2025 | 43 of 186 |
| Legal protection of women against violence | 12.5 /100 | 2025 | 144 of 186 |
LGBTQ+ rights 17
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| LGBT rights index (composite policy index) | 10.3 pts | 2025 | 44 of 194 |
| Joint adoption by a same-sex couple | Allowed | 2025 | 38 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Age of sexual consent: same-sex couples | Same as for different-sex couples | 2025 | 120 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Legal change of gender marker | Possible with a medical diagnosis | 2025 | 24 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Anti-LGBT hate crimes: aggravating circumstance | Not covered | 2025 | 126 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Ban on incitement to anti-LGBT hatred | Prohibited | 2025 | 52 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Ban on non-consensual surgeries on intersex children | Not banned | 2025 | 182 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Ban on conversion therapies | Not banned | 2025 | 169 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Laws limiting public LGBT expression (“propaganda”) | No restrictions | 2025 | 149 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Same-sex marriage and civil union | Legal marriage | 2025 | 38 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Death penalty for same-sex relations | No death penalty provided for | 2025 | 185 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Protection against employment discrimination (sexual orientation, gender identity) | Sexual orientation only | 2025 | 32 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Protection from discrimination in goods and services (LGBT) | Sexual orientation only | 2025 | 21 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Protection of sexual orientation and gender identity in the constitution | Not mentioned | 2025 | 180 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Legal recognition of a third gender | Not recognized | 2025 | 174 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Same-sex sexual relations | Legal | 2025 | 130 countries out of 194 in the same category |
| Gender-affirming care: coverage and restrictions | Neither coverage nor national restriction | 2025 | 149 countries out of 194 in the same category |
Justice and security 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homicide rate | 1.5 per 100,000 | 2023 | 69 of 192 |
| United Nations Convention against Torture | State party | 2026 | 171 countries out of 202 in the same category |
| International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) | State party | 2026 | 172 countries out of 202 in the same category |
| Civilian access to handguns | Licence granted as of right if conditions are met | 2026 | 26 countries out of 113 in the same category |
| Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court | State party | 2026 | 117 countries out of 202 in the same category |
| Legal status of the death penalty | Abolished for all crimes | 2026 | 112 countries out of 195 in the same category |
| Legal status of cannabis (recreational use) | Decriminalized | 2026 | 26 countries out of 194 in the same category |
Health and reproductive rights 7
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abortion on request: maximum legal time limit | 12 wks | 2026 | 18 of 61 |
| Maternal mortality | 5 per 100,000 | 2023 | 23 of 192 |
| Unmet need for contraception | 9.3 % | 2014 | 28 of 150 |
| Adolescent birth rate | 4.7 per 1,000 | 2024 | 30 of 213 |
| Use of modern contraceptives | 60.9 % | 2014 | 40 of 181 |
| Births attended by skilled health personnel | 99.6 % | 2020 | 58 of 204 |
| Abortion: grounds allowed by law | Allowed on request (within a time limit set by law) | 2026 | 67 countries out of 191 in the same category |
Work and social rights 8
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-respect of freedom of association and collective bargaining | 0 /10 | 2024 | 1 of 186 |
| Legal retirement age (women) | 64.9 yrs | 2026 | 24 of 78 |
| Population covered by at least one social benefit | 97 % | 2022 | 26 of 210 |
| Legal monthly minimum wage | $1,001 | 2025 | 33 of 168 |
| Legal retirement age (men) | 64.9 yrs | 2026 | 39 of 78 |
| Statutory monthly minimum wage in purchasing power parity | $1,319 | 2025 | 41 of 168 |
| Employees covered by a collective agreement | 15 % | 2018 | 69 of 99 |
| Trade union membership rate | 6 % | 2019 | 121 of 137 |
Family & Nationality 8
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age of civil majority | 18 yrs | 2026 | 21 of 187 |
| Years of residence required for naturalization | 5 yrs | 2026 | 66 of 152 |
| Dual nationality | Not recognised | 2026 | 98 countries out of 191 in the same category |
| Women's right to be head of household | Same right as men | 2025 | 157 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Women's right to divorce | Same right as men | 2025 | 142 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Legal framework on child marriage | At least one condition is missing | 2025 | 141 countries out of 186 in the same category |
| Nationality acquired by birth on the territory | Not acquired automatically by birth in the country | 2026 | 154 countries out of 192 in the same category |
| Wife's legal duty of obedience to her husband | No duty of obedience in the law | 2025 | 168 countries out of 186 in the same category |
Civic duties 4
| Indicator | Value | Year | World position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age of entry into primary school | 7 yrs | 2025 | 1 of 207 |
| Duration of compulsory schooling | 9 yrs | 2025 | 113 of 194 |
| Compulsory military service | Compulsory military service | 2025 | 61 countries out of 134 in the same category |
| Compulsory voting | Voluntary voting | 2026 | 199 countries out of 226 in the same category |
Frequently asked questions
How many people live in Estonia?
Estonia has about 1,366,475 inhabitants (2025), ranking 155 worldwide out of 213 countries.
What is the GDP per capita of Estonia?
GDP per capita is $34,418 /inh. (2025): Estonia ranks 50 out of 211 countries.
What is the inflation rate in Estonia?
Annual inflation is 4.8 % (2025); Estonia ranks 146 out of 191 (ranked from lowest to highest).
What is the unemployment rate in Estonia?
The unemployment rate is 8.3 % (2025); Estonia ranks 134 out of 184 (ranked from lowest to highest).
Where does Estonia stand in its region (Europe)?
GDP per capita: Estonia has $34,418 /inh., close to the regional median (Europe: $38,002 /inh.).
Where do the figures on Estonia come from?
The data comes from public sources (World Bank, CIA World Factbook…), cited on each indicator page, with the year of each value.
Rank is the position in the world ranking for each indicator (the ranking direction is given on the indicator's page). Sources and update dates are on each indicator's page.