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🇸🇿 Eswatini

Eswatini (Africa) has a population of 1,256,174 (2025), ranking 156 out of 213 countries by population. GDP per capita – Eswatini: $4,108 /inh. (2025), ranking 148 out of 211. Economic growth is 4.2 % (2025). The unemployment rate is 34.2 % (2025). Annual inflation stands at 2.6 % (2019).

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Strengths and weaknesses

Strengths – Eswatini, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Population living less than 5 m above sea level (1/212), Share of adults with the right to vote (1/173), Women married before age 18 (13/144).

Weaknesses – Eswatini, according to global rankings (rank/countries ranked): Unemployment (184/184), HIV prevalence (152/152), Youth unemployment (ages 15-24) (182/184).

Regional comparison

Comparable countries

From closest to furthest. The proximity score (0 to 100) compares each country’s position across all the indicators they have in common: 100 = identical profiles.

All indicators

·
Wealth & Growth 9
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
GDP growth4.2 %2025 76 of 211
GDP per capita growth3.1 %2025 81 of 211
Natural resource rents3 %2021 88 of 211
Net national income per capita$2,886 /inh.2021 121 of 184
GDP per capita, purchasing power parity$12,529 /inh.2025 133 of 201
Gross national income per capita (Atlas method)$3,730 /inh.2025 147 of 205
GDP per capita$4,108 /inh.2025 148 of 211
GDP, purchasing power parity$15.7B2025 156 of 201
GDP$5.2B2025 168 of 211
Prices, Inflation & Currency 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Inflation (GDP deflator)-0.5 %2025 21 of 210
Real interest rate9.5 %2024 30 of 146
Lending interest rate10.9 %2024 56 of 146
Inflation (consumer prices)2.6 %2019 86 of 191
Official exchange rate17.89 LCU/$2025 96 of 211
Broad money supply (M3)28.4 %2022 143 of 164
Employment 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Employment in industry26.7 %2025 29 of 184
Employment in agriculture14.5 %2025 92 of 184
Employment in services58.7 %2025 94 of 184
Self-employed workers30.2 %2025 100 of 184
Labor force participation rate (ages 15 and over)51.2 %2025 156 of 184
Employment rate (ages 15 and over)33.7 %2025 177 of 184
Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)54.3 %2025 182 of 184
Unemployment34.2 %2025 184 of 184
Foreign Trade 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Exports of goods and services53.8 %2024 54 of 192
Trade openness107.5 %2024 55 of 192
Current account balance2.4 %2025 57 of 198
Imports of goods and services53.7 %2024 72 of 192
Merchandise exports$2.4B2025 141 of 205
Services exports$312M2025 162 of 198
High-technology exports0.3 %2023 173 of 185
Investment, Tourism & Aid 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Official development aid received2.6 %2023 71 of 160
Migrant remittances received0.7 %2025 139 of 196
Foreign direct investment inflows1 %2025 144 of 201
International tourist arrivals345,300 arr.2020 145 of 202
Foreign direct investment inflows (amount)$53.1M2025 157 of 203
International tourism receipts$7.3M2020 193 of 201
Public finances 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Tax revenue24.3 %2021 16 of 161
Central government debt35.7 %2021 33 of 109
Share of income taxes in government revenue34.4 %2021 35 of 159
Government final consumption21.5 %2024 43 of 187
Central government spending24.6 %2021 87 of 160
Military spending1.6 %2025 92 of 165
Research and development spending0.3 %2015 96 of 155
Budget balance-4.6 %2021 123 of 158
Finance & Reserves 5
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
External debt27.8 %2024 28 of 121
Stock market capitalization6.9 %2007 90 of 101
Domestic credit to the private sector23.1 %2025 131 of 184
Reserves in months of imports1.9 months2024 142 of 177
Total reserves (including gold)$536.6M2024 160 of 180
Economic structure 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Manufacturing28.1 %2025 6 of 201
Industry (including construction)33.6 %2025 40 of 205
Household final consumption63.5 %2024 95 of 189
Agriculture, forestry and fishing6.4 %2025 101 of 203
Gross savings18.2 %2024 113 of 178
Services52.4 %2025 132 of 202
Gross capital formation15 %2024 164 of 185
Population & Vital Statistics 13
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of 0-14 year olds33 %2025 57 of 213
Share of women in the population50.9 %2025 66 of 213
Age dependency ratio59.6 per 1002025 74 of 213
Adults with an official ID85.4 %2024 119 of 145
Share of 15-64 year olds62.7 %2025 140 of 213
Number of men per 100 women96.5 per 100 women2025 148 of 213
Share of men in the population49.1 %2025 148 of 213
Population1,256,174 inhab.2025 156 of 213
Births registered with civil authorities53.5 %2014 158 of 178
Share of people aged 65 and over4.3 %2025 159 of 213
Median age of the population22 yrs2023 173 of 226
Boys per 100 girls at birth102.9 per 100 girls2024 196 of 213
Urban population26.7 %2025 198 of 213
Births, deaths and life expectancy 14
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Birth rate23.6 per 1,0002024 55 of 213
Children per woman2.72 children/woman2024 62 of 213
Death rate7.7 per 1,0002024 90 of 213
Population growth1.07 %2025 94 of 213
Under-5 mortality45.1 per 1,0002024 161 of 194
Female suicide rate8.2 per 100,0002023 168 of 183
Infant mortality42.2 per 1,0002024 172 of 194
Suicide rate23 per 100,0002023 175 of 183
Male suicide rate40.9 per 100,0002023 176 of 183
Road traffic deaths33.5 per 100,0002019 178 of 188
Healthy life expectancy51.1 yrs2023 180 of 183
Life expectancy at birth64.3 yrs2024 189 of 213
Female life expectancy at birth67.1 yrs2024 189 of 213
Male life expectancy at birth61.3 yrs2024 196 of 213
Health and healthcare system 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of health spending paid directly by patients11 %2023 32 of 191
Health expenditure7.5 %2023 73 of 191
Nurses and midwives4.26 per 1,0002023 87 of 196
Hospital beds2 per 1,0002013 104 of 190
Open defecation0.4 %2024 121 of 211
Measles vaccination85 %2024 124 of 191
Undernourishment15.1 %2024 130 of 167
Physicians0.56 per 1,0002023 135 of 193
HIV prevalence23.4 %2024 152 of 152
Access to basic sanitation64.5 %2024 164 of 211
Access to basic drinking water80.4 %2024 172 of 211
New tuberculosis cases319 per 100,0002024 188 of 206
Body and lifestyle 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Mean body mass index of women28.9 kg/m²2016 27 of 190
Tobacco use11.5 %2024 43 of 165
Tobacco use among men20.5 %2024 48 of 165
Tobacco use among women2.5 %2024 49 of 165
Obesity among adult men15 %2024 72 of 196
Alcohol consumption per capita6.1 L/person2024 82 of 202
Diabetes prevalence7.9 %2024 92 of 207
Average height of women158.6 cm2014 108 of 198
Mean body mass index of men24.5 kg/m²2016 126 of 190
Adult obesity29.6 %2024 131 of 196
Average height of men168.1 cm2014 131 of 198
Obesity among adult women42.5 %2024 162 of 196
Origins, languages and religions 12
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of the population: Christians93.2 %2020 23 of 192
Share of the population: Hindus0.1 %2020 57 of 192
Share of the population: Jews0 %2020 62 of 192
Share of the population: people with no religious affiliation6.2 %2020 79 of 192
Share of the population: Buddhists0 %2020 104 of 192
Religious diversity (fractionalization index)0.442003 111 of 204
Linguistic diversity (fractionalization index)0.172003 135 of 203
Share of immigrants in the population2.7 %2024 136 of 212
Share of the population: other religions (including folk religions)0.3 %2020 140 of 192
Share of the population: Muslims0.1 %2020 151 of 192
Ethnic diversity (fractionalization index)0.062003 179 of 205
Majority religionChristians (over 50%)2020114 countries out of 192 in the same category
Inequality 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Income share of the richest 10%42.7 %2016 3 of 169
Extreme poverty44.5 %2016 156 of 169
Income share of the poorest 20%3.7 %2016 163 of 169
Gini index54.62016 167 of 169
Territory & Borders 8
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Number of neighboring countries2 countries2026 108 of 223
Population density72.3 inh./km²2024 132 of 212
Length of land borders546 km2026 135 of 230
Total area17,364 km²2024 154 of 212
Land area17,200 km²2024 154 of 212
Length of coastline0 km2026 184 of 227
Latitude of the country's center-26.6 °2026 221 of 232
Landlocked countryLandlocked202644 countries out of 227 in the same category
Terrain, Water & Climate 6
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Population living less than 5 m above sea level0 %2015 1 of 212
Lowest point21 m2026 36 of 228
Renewable fresh water per person2,166 m³/inh.2022 101 of 181
Average annual rainfall788 mm2022 106 of 180
Average elevation305 m2026 114 of 166
Highest point1,862 m2026 129 of 229
Land & Nature 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Agricultural land69.6 %2024 24 of 207
Arable land10.3 %2024 102 of 204
Forest cover25.3 %2024 118 of 210
Protected land areas4.2 %2025 183 of 210
Democracy & Elections 13
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Share of adults with the right to vote100 %2025 1 of 173
Minimum voting age18 yrs2026 12 of 222
Free and fair elections index0.382025 104 of 173
Participatory democracy index0.112025 140 of 173
Civil society participation index0.382025 141 of 173
Liberal democracy index0.12025 144 of 173
Core civil society index0.082025 162 of 173
Electoral democracy index0.132025 163 of 173
Egalitarian democracy index0.082025 168 of 173
Head of the executive chosen through multiparty electionsExecutive not from multiparty elections202532 countries out of 173 in the same category
Multiparty legislative electionsNo multiparty legislative elections20259 countries out of 167 in the same category
Multiparty national electionsNo multiparty elections202519 countries out of 167 in the same category
Political regimeClosed autocracy202532 countries out of 173 in the same category
Civil Liberties & Human Rights 9
Governance & Rule of Law 11
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Absence of corruption in the judiciary1.52025 41 of 173
Political corruption index0.552025 90 of 173
Judicial constraints on the executive index0.322025 119 of 173
Rule of law index (V-Dem)0.232025 133 of 173
Corruption Perceptions Index27 pts2024 135 of 179
Rule of law (WGI)-0.782025 151 of 205
Regulatory quality (WGI)-0.682025 151 of 203
Control of corruption (WGI)-0.82025 158 of 205
Political stability and absence of violence (WGI)-0.572025 161 of 205
Government effectiveness (WGI)-0.842025 170 of 203
Voice and accountability (WGI)-1.452025 179 of 203
Women's rights 16
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Year women gained the right to vote1,9642025 42 of 189
Share of women among ministers25 %2025 74 of 192
Share of women in parliament21.6 %2025 116 of 192
Paid maternity leavePaid leave of less than 98 days202559 countries out of 186 in the same category
Paid paternity leaveNo paid leave202565 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to voteRight to vote granted to all women2025189 countries out of 194 in the same category
Women's right to take a job without permissionNot the same right202518 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to travel abroadSame right as men2025171 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal inheritance between sons and daughtersRights not equal202540 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal pay for work of equal valueNot written into law202588 countries out of 186 in the same category
Equal property ownership rightsEqual rights for men and women2025165 countries out of 186 in the same category
Ban on gender discrimination in employmentDiscrimination prohibited by law2025157 countries out of 186 in the same category
Femicide lawNo specific provision2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on sexual harassmentOne to three areas covered2025151 countries out of 186 in the same category
Law on domestic violenceComprehensive law202593 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal quota for women on company boardsNo mandatory quota2025147 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's Legal Equality (Indices) 11
LGBTQ+ rights 17
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
LGBT rights index (composite policy index)0.3 pts2025 121 of 194
Joint adoption by a same-sex coupleNot allowed2025155 countries out of 194 in the same category
Age of sexual consent: same-sex couplesNo legal provision202561 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal change of gender markerNot legally possible2025125 countries out of 194 in the same category
Anti-LGBT hate crimes: aggravating circumstanceNot covered2025126 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on incitement to anti-LGBT hatredNot prohibited2025141 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on non-consensual surgeries on intersex childrenNot banned2025182 countries out of 194 in the same category
Ban on conversion therapiesNot banned2025169 countries out of 194 in the same category
Laws limiting public LGBT expression (“propaganda”)No restrictions2025149 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex marriage and civil unionNo legal provision202545 countries out of 194 in the same category
Death penalty for same-sex relationsNo death penalty provided for2025185 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection against employment discrimination (sexual orientation, gender identity)No protection2025107 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection from discrimination in goods and services (LGBT)No protection2025125 countries out of 194 in the same category
Protection of sexual orientation and gender identity in the constitutionNot mentioned2025180 countries out of 194 in the same category
Legal recognition of a third genderNot recognized2025174 countries out of 194 in the same category
Same-sex sexual relationsCriminalized202561 countries out of 194 in the same category
Gender-affirming care: coverage and restrictionsNeither coverage nor national restriction2025149 countries out of 194 in the same category
Justice and security 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Homicide rate12.5 per 100,0002021 161 of 192
United Nations Convention against TortureState party2026171 countries out of 202 in the same category
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)State party2026172 countries out of 202 in the same category
Rome Statute of the International Criminal CourtNeither party nor signatory202652 countries out of 202 in the same category
Legal status of the death penaltyAbolitionist in practice (no executions for 10 years)202623 countries out of 195 in the same category
Legal status of cannabis (medical use)Prohibited2026126 countries out of 180 in the same category
Legal status of cannabis (recreational use)Prohibited2026144 countries out of 194 in the same category
Health and reproductive rights 7
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Family planning needs met by modern methods63.3 %2007 27 of 78
Use of modern contraceptives57 %2022 49 of 181
Unmet need for contraception20.4 %2022 89 of 150
Maternal mortality118 per 100,0002023 132 of 192
Births attended by skilled health personnel88.3 %2014 151 of 204
Adolescent birth rate68.2 per 1,0002024 172 of 213
Abortion: grounds allowed by lawAllowed for health reasons, rape or fetal impairment202670 countries out of 191 in the same category
Work and social rights 7
Family & Nationality 10
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Age of civil majority21 yrs2026 1 of 187
Women married before age 181.9 %2022 13 of 144
Years of residence required for naturalization5 yrs2026 66 of 152
Dual nationalityNot recognised202698 countries out of 191 in the same category
Women's right to be head of householdRight not identical202529 countries out of 186 in the same category
Women's right to divorceRight not identical202544 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal framework on child marriageAt least one condition is missing2025141 countries out of 186 in the same category
Nationality acquired by birth on the territoryNot acquired automatically by birth in the country2026154 countries out of 192 in the same category
Wife's legal duty of obedience to her husbandNo duty of obedience in the law2025168 countries out of 186 in the same category
Legal status of polygamyPolygamy recognized by law202645 countries out of 167 in the same category
Civic duties 4
IndicatorValueYearWorld position
Age of entry into primary school6 yrs2025 33 of 207
Duration of compulsory schooling7 yrs2025 165 of 194
Compulsory military serviceNo compulsory military service202564 countries out of 134 in the same category
Compulsory votingVoluntary voting2026199 countries out of 226 in the same category

Frequently asked questions

How many people live in Eswatini?

Eswatini has about 1,256,174 inhabitants (2025), ranking 156 worldwide out of 213 countries.

What is the GDP per capita of Eswatini?

GDP per capita is $4,108 /inh. (2025): Eswatini ranks 148 out of 211 countries.

What is the inflation rate in Eswatini?

Annual inflation is 2.6 % (2019); Eswatini ranks 86 out of 191 (ranked from lowest to highest).

What is the unemployment rate in Eswatini?

The unemployment rate is 34.2 % (2025); Eswatini ranks 184 out of 184 (ranked from lowest to highest).

Where does Eswatini stand in its region (Africa)?

GDP per capita: Eswatini has $4,108 /inh., above the regional median (Africa: $1,658 /inh.).

Where do the figures on Eswatini come from?

The data comes from public sources (World Bank, CIA World Factbook…), cited on each indicator page, with the year of each value.

Rank is the position in the world ranking for each indicator (the ranking direction is given on the indicator's page). Sources and update dates are on each indicator's page.